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Radiology
Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cathode | The negatively charged electrode by which electrons enter an electrical device |
| Anode | The positively charged electrode of an electrical device |
| ALARA | as low as reasonably achievable |
| Kilovoltage peak (kVp) | Power. (The maximum voltage applied across an x-ray tube that determines the energy of the electrons produced.) |
| Heel effect | Unequal distribution on a radiograph |
| Radiographic density | Is the degree of blackness on a radiograph |
| Milliamperage (mA) | Quantity (the number of electrons) |
| Contrast | The differences in radiographic density between adjacent areas on a radiographic image |
| Radiolucent | Clear (passing through) or black as more radiation passes through |
| Radiopaque | Increasing density will appear whiter, absorbs more radiation |
| Penumbra Effect | Fuzziness. (The partial or imperfect shadow of an object outside the complete shadow) |
| Source-image distance (SID) | Common term for film-focal point |
| Film-Focal Distance (FFD) | The distance measured from the target of the x-ray tube to the radiographic film or plate |
| Object-Film Distance (OFD) | The distance between the object being radiographed and the film plate |
| Bucky | This device puts the grid in motion as the x-rays ae generated, blurring the white grid line on the radiograph |
| Collimators | Restricts scatter radiation |
| Focused Grids | Lead strips placed at progressively increasing angles to match the divergence of the x-ray beam |
| Latent Image | The invisible image in the emulsion of x-ray film produced after the film has been exposed to light |
| Anechoic | Describes tissue that transmits all the sound through to deeper tissue |
| Annular Array | Arranges the crystals in concentric rings |
| Direct Exposure Film | More sensitive to direct x-rays than it is to light |
| Distance Enhancement | Tissues deep to the cystic structure appear brighter |
| Echoic | Most of the sound is reflected back to the transducer |
| Film Latitude | The films inherent ability to produce shades of grey |
| Fluoroscopy | An image technique that uses an x-ray tube and image intensifier to produce a continual stream of images |
| Hyperechoic | A structure in an ultrasound image that appears bright or white compared with adjacent structures |
| Hypoechoic | Appear darker than surrounding tissues |
| Intensifying Screens | Plates in the x-ray cassette composed of phosphorescent crystals that function to emit light |
| Isoechoic | Tissue that appears to have the same echotexture on the screen as surrounding tissues |
| Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD) | The amount of ionizing radiation a person may be exposed to supposedly without being harmed |
| Mirror Image | Creates the illusion of the liver on the thoracic side of the diaphragm |
| REM | Roentgen equivalent in man |
| Sievert (SV) | The dose of radiation equivalent to the dose absorbed by the tissue |
| Slice Thickness | Occurs when the transducer receives echoes with different amplitudes from the same area at the same depth |
| Sonolucent | Most of the sound is transmitted to the deeper tissues, with only a few echoes reflected back to the transducer |
| Ultrasonography | A noninvasive method of imaging soft tissue |
| Bisecting Angle Technique | Used to minimize distortion that is inherent when the film cannot be placed parallel t the tooth |
| Parallel Technique | A radiographic technique in which the film is placed in the mouth parallel to the teeth and the cone is aimed perpendicular to the film and tooth |
Created by:
Kjarvis89
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