Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacology
Chapter 5 Drugs Used in Respiratory System Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the basic anatomy & physiology of the respiratory system. | It is the lungs and the passageways that carry air to and from them. Nostrils, nasal cavity (turbinates), pharynx, larynx, trachea (becomes left/right bronchi), bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli (surrounded by capillaries). Passageways to lungs= upper system |
| List the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system. | hairs in turbinates (nasal cavity); mucous membranes; cilia in upper respiratory tract; protective reflexes (cough, sneeze, laryngospasm, bronchospasm). |
| Describe the principles for treating respiratory issues. | Control secretions--decrease production/increase elimination (make less viscid or remove cause); control reflexes--ex. nonproductive cough; maintain normal airflow-- remove constriction, edema, mucous; oxygen therapy. |
| Explain the purpose of expectorants. | Liquefy & dilute sticky(viscid) secretions, which helps to eliminate them. Used for productive coughs. |
| What are mucolytics used for? | To decrease the viscosity of respiratory secretions by altering chemical compounds of mucus. Administered by nebulization. |
| Describe antitussives. | They inhibit or suppress coughing. They are centrally acting--depress the cough center in the brain; peripherally acting (lozenges or drops) not used in veterinary medicine. |
| Describe the action of bronchodilators. | Reverse the constriction of airways; four categories: cholinergic blockers--prevent acetylcholine's effects antihistamines Beta2 adrenergic agonists-relax smooth muscle & reduce histamine methylxanthines--allow AMP to accumulate (promotes dilation) |
| What are antihistamines used for? | They block the effects of histamine (allergic reactions); more effective when used as a preventative. They don't displace histamine that has already combined with a receptor. |
| What is the mechanism of action of decongestants? | They reduce the congestion of nasal membranes by reducing swelling. |
| What are potential uses for respiratory stimulants? | Stimulate respiration before & after anesthesia; speed awakening & restoration of reflexes after anesthesia; stimulate neonatal animals after dystocia or c-section. |
| What are the advantages of inhalant therapy? | High concentrations of medications are delivered into the airways while limiting their levels in the blood, which reduces the chance of a toxic reaction. |
| What are the disadvantages of inhalant therapy? | Efficacy depends on the dose and how well it is distributed in the lungs; size of particles may affect distribution of medication; airway pathology may interfere with distribution. |
Created by:
kidtaxi9
Popular Veterinary sets