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Positioning Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ventral (V) | Toward underside (opposite dorsal) |
| Dorsal (D) | Toward back (opposite ventral) |
| Medial (M) | Toward median plane (opposite lateral) |
| Lateral (L) | Away from median plane (opposite medial) |
| Cranial (Cr) | Toward the head (opposite caudal) |
| Caudal (Cd) | Toward the tail (opposite cranial) |
| Rostral (R) | On head, toward the nose |
| Palmer (Pa) | Back of front foot |
| Plantar (Pl) | Back of hind foot |
| Proximal (Pr) | On limb, closer to body (opposite distal) |
| Distal (Di) | On limb, away from body (opposite proximal) |
| Thorax | Area between neck and diaphragm |
| Abdomen | Area between diaphragm and pelvis |
| Xyphoid | End of sternum |
| Thoracic inlet | Opening at top of thoracic cavity |
| Axillary | Armpit |
| Inguinal | Groin |
| Median plane | Separates left and right |
| Dorsal plane | Separates top and bottom |
| Transverse plane | Separates front and rear |
| Dorsolateral-palmaromedial oblique | Angled projection at area between dorsopalmar and lateral |
| Palmarolateral-dorsomedial oblique | Angled projection at area between palmardorsal and lateral |
| Dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique | Angled projection at area between dorsalpalmar and medial |
| Palmaromedial-dorsolateral oblique | Angled projection at area between palmardoral and medial |