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Radiology Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ALARA | Acronym for "As low as reasonably achievable" |
| Anechoic | Tissue that transmits all the sound through to deeper tissues and reflecting none |
| Annular Array | Piezoelectric crystals arranged in concentric rings |
| Anode | Positively charged electrode in the X-ray tube that produces X-rays when hit with electrons |
| Bucky | Component of x-ray units that holds the x-ray film cassette and moves the grid during x-ray exposure. |
| Cathode | Negatively charged electrode that produces electrons in the X-ray tube |
| Collimators | Device on an X-ray machine used to restrict the X-ray beam to reduce scatter |
| Contrast | Differences in radiographic density between adjacent areas on a radiographic image |
| Direct Exposure Film | Radiographic film that is more sensitive to direct X-rays than light and is used when high detail X-rays are needed |
| Distance Enhancement | Artifact occurring when the sound beam traverses a cystic tissue |
| Echoic | Most of the sound is reflected back to the transducer |
| Film Latitude | Refers to the range of material thickness that can be imaged |
| Film Focal Distance (FFD) | The distance measured from the target of the X-ray tube to the radiographic film or plate. Interchangeable with SID |
| Fluoroscopy | Imaging technique that uses an X-ray tube and image intensifier to produce a continuous stream of images |
| Focused Grids | Device composed of lead strips used to reduce the amount of scatter radiation reaching the X-ray film |
| Heel Effect | Unequal distribution in the intensity of X-rays emitted |
| Hyperechoic | Tissues that reflect more sound back to the transducer than surrounding tissues and appearing brighter |
| Hypoechoic | Tissues that reflect less sound back to the transducer than surrounding tissues and appearing darker |
| Intensifying Screens | Plates in the X-ray cassette composed of phosphorescent crystals that function to emit light |
| Isoechoic | Produces ultrasound echoes equal to those of neighboring or normal tissues |
| Kilovoltage Peak (kVp) | The maximum voltage applies across an X-ray tube that determines the energy of the electrons produced |
| Latent Image | The invisible image in the emulsion of an X-ray film produced after the film has been exposed to light |
| Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD) | The maximum dose of radiation a person can be exposed to within a year |
| Milliamperage (mA) | Exposure time in seconds |
| Mirror Image | Artifact creating the illusion of the liver on the thoracic side of the diaphragm or the appearance of a second heart |
| Object Film Distance (OFD) | The distance between the object being radiographed and the film or plate |
| Penumbra Effect | Fuzziness caused by stray X-rays |
| Radiographic Density | The degree of blackness on a radiograph |
| Radiolucent | Refers to structures that are less dense and allow X-rays to pass through and appears black |
| Radiopaque | Refers to structures that are more dense and resist X-rays and appear white |
| Rem | Stands for "Roentgen equivalent in man" |
| Sievert (SV) | The dose of radiation equivalent to the dose absorbed by tissue |
| Slice Thickness | An artifact occurring when the the transducer receives echoes with different amplitudes from the same area and same depth |
| Sonolucent | Most of the sound is transmitted to deeper tissues during an ultrasound |
| Source Image Distance (SID) | The distance measured from the target of the X-ray tube to the radiographic film or plate. Interchangeable with FFD |
| Ultrasonography | Noninvasive method of imaging soft tissues |
Created by:
DMcCormick
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