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Actinobacteria
Infectious disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| general info | gram+, many sp with branching filaments. commensals of mucous mem. slow growth in lab media. |
| Trueperella sp infect | Cattle, sheep, pigs |
| Trueperella | abscesstion, matitis, suppurative pneumonia, endometriris, arthritis, umbilical infections |
| Actinomyces bovis sp infect | cattle |
| Actinomyces bovis | lumpy jaw |
| Actinomyces viscosus sp infect | dogs, horses, catle |
| Actinomyces viscosus | cutaneous pyogranulomatous, pleural/peritoneal lesions. cutaneous pustules. abortion |
| Actinomyces hordovulneris sp infect | Dogs |
| Actinomyces hordovulneris | cutanous and visceral abscesses, pleuritis, peritonitis, arthritis |
| Actinomyces spp (unclassified) sp infect | Pigs, horses |
| Actinomyces spp (unclassified) | Pyogranulamatous abscesses. poll evil and fistilous withers. |
| Actinobaculum suis sp infect | pigs |
| Actinobaculum suis | cytitis, pyelonepgritis |
| Nocardia spp sp infect | Dogs, cattle, pigs, sheep, goat, horses |
| Nocardia spp | Cutaneous pyogranulomous, pyogranulomatous lesions in pleura and disseminated lesions. Chronic matitis, abortion, bovine farcy. Abotion. Wound infections, mastitis, pyogranulomatous condition |
| Dermatophilus congolenis sp infect | Sheep, Horse, cat, Cattle |
| Dermatophilus congolenis | Dermatitis |
| Crossiella equi and Amycolatopsis spp sp infect | Horses |
| Crossiella equi and Amycolatopsis spp | Placenttis and abortion |
| T.pyogenes | purulent infections. Hemolytic infection. NA, EC matrix proteins, fimbria proteases. |
| Actinomyces spp | produce pyogranulamatous infections. virulence genes have not been extensively investigated. |
| Trueperella gen info | opportunistic patho causing suppurative lesions. any organ can be effected. Hemolytic colonies in BAP. Typical Pleomorphic cell |
| Trueperella treatment | based on antimicrobial susceptibility test. resistance to macrolides and tetracyclines. |
| Actinomyces gen | opportunistic infections. gastrointestinal, respiratory, urinary, female genital tracts. |
| Actinomycosis | results when bacteria enter breaks in mucous mem. formation of abscesses connected by channels in skin or mucous mem. |
| why is diagnosis of actinomyces difficult | anerobic or facultative anaerobe. other organisms cause similar symptoms. granules in pus detectable. |
| Lumpy jaw in cattle | infection in mandible and maxilla. chromic osteomyelitis. iso from nodular abscesses. bacteria invade following trauma. min involvement with LN. swelling becomes painful and fistulous tracts |
| Lumpy jaw in cattle diagnosis | Clinical signs distinctive in advanced cases. Radiography to see extend. Filamentous branching, non acid-fast, culture difficult |
| Lumpy jaw treatment | small lesions: surgery. Larger lesions: penicillins or oxytetracyclins. |
| canine actinomycosis | subcutaneous pyogranulamatous lesions. extensive fibrovasular proliferation on peritoneal and pleural surfaces with sanguinopurulent exudate. |
| canine actinomycosis etiologic agent | A. viscous, A. canis, A. Hordeovulnaris. |
| canine actinomycosis diagnosis | bacterial culture. Gram+ filamentous organisms. |
| canine actinomycosis treatment | responsive to betalactams if begun early |
| Nocardia general | gram+, aerobic, common inhabitant of soils rich in organic matter. opportunistic infections. exudates appear as long, slender, branching filaments. when cultured produce aerial filaments w/ spores |
| Nocardia pathogenesis | immunosuppression or heavy challenge. mode of infection is inhalation, skin wounds, teat canal. |
| Nocardia resistance to phagoytes | superoxide dismutase, catalase, thick pep |
| Nocardia diagnosis | colonies are white, powdery, odorless firmly adherent to agar. grow in sabouraud agar |
| Canine Norcardiosis: pulmonary infection | develop from inhalation of bacteria |
| Canine Norcardiosis: cutaneous infection | intro of bacteria into wounds. may produce mycetoma |
| Canine Norcardiosis: CNS infection | result from spread of bacteria in blood |
| Canine Norcardiosis treatment | treatment less effective. susceptibility by special labs using broth microdilution method. |
| Canine Norcardiosis prevention | bacterium in soil |
| Bovine nocardial mastitis | chronic form of bovine mastitis. sporadic cases. diffuse or multifocal fibrossi. white clots intermittently in milk. systemic rxn during early lactation. |
| Bovine nocardial mastitis treatment | dry-cow therapy w/ neomycin could be effective |
| Bovine Farcy- bovine nocardiosis | Limited to tropical areas. Chronic infection of superficial lymphatic vessels and LN. Nodules often on Medial aspect of legs and neck. Lymphatic vessels thickened and cord-like |
| Human nocardiosis | N.asteroides complex. pneumonia, cutaneous, neuro forms. transmitted from infected dogs/cats. not killed by pasteurization. |
| Procine cystitis and pyelonephritis | breeding pigs. rarely causes disease in males. ascending infection. sudden death w/ or w/o clinical signs. high mortality. hematuria, azotemia, mild fever, painful urination, arching of back |
| Procine cystitis and pyelonephritis predisposing conditions | 1.mating 2.trauma to urogential tract 3.presence of other organisms 4.water restriction |
| Procine cystitis and pyelonephritis treatment | penicillin and ampicillin |
| Dermatophilus congolensis general info | gram +, filamentous, branching actinobacteriu,. produces motile coccal zoospores. present on skin of healthy animals. when activated, zoospores produce germ tubes and invade epidermis. |
| Dermatophilus congolensis virulence factors | phospholipases, proteolytic enzymes, ceramidase. |
| Dermatophilus congolensis clinical signs | cyclical patters or invasion/regeneration of epidermis, serous exudation and miceoabscess formation lead to raised scub-like crusts. dorsal area of animals with prolonged rainfall/ warm env. |
| Dermatophilus congolensis disease progression | early lesions= papules. serous exudate and inflammation produces adherent scabs. localized lesions can resolve spontaneously. |
| Dermatophilus congolensis treatment | systemic long acting oxytetracylin or penicillin/ streptomycin |
| Nocardioform placentitis general info | gram+ filamentous branching bacteria, causes brown mucoid placentits. |
| Nocardioform placentitis causative agents | Crossiella equi and Amycolatopsis spp |
| Nocardioform placentitis outcome | 1. abortion 2.premature foal 3.term but compromised foal 4.normal foal |
Created by:
ejohnson17
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