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Anti-emetics

QuestionAnswer
Maropitant -drug name Cerenia
Maropitant - action Blocks substance P at NK1 receptor on Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (final common pathway!)
Maropitant - effectiveness Peripheral and central stimuli High oral dose due to first pass metabolism in liver Effective in dogs, also used in cats
Maropitant - use acute gastroenteritis cytotoxic-induced vomiting Motion sickness (higher dose)
Metoclopramide - action Antagonises D2 dopaminergic receptors and 5HT3 serotonergic receptors at CRTZ and peripheral receptors
Metoclopramide - effects Not great for nausea Peripheral pro-cholingeric effect Less good in cats bc D2 in CRTZ more important in dog
Metoclopramide - use Cancer chemo (Cerenia better) Gastroesophageal reflux (motility) Delayed gastric emptying
Phenothiazines - action Antagonizes alpha 1 and 2 adrenergic receptors, D2 dopaminergic recepters, H1 and H2 histaminergic receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptors
Phenothiazines- location Every except the nucleus tractus solitarius
Phenothiazines- use and consideration Any peripheral or central cause of vomiting Rare, bc not liscensed in animals
Antihistamines- names Diphenhydrinate (Dramamine) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Antihistamines - use Motion-sickness in dogs but not cats Not liscensed for animals
Antihistamines- action H1 and H2 receptors in the CRTZ
5HT3 Antagonists -names Dolasetron (anzemel) Ondanstron (Zofran)
5HT3 Antagonists - locations CRTZ (cats) Peripheral receptors (dogs)
5HT3 Antagonists- use Effective anti-nausea (use off-liscense) Cytotoxic drug-induced emesis Persistant vomiting (ie pancreatitis)
Anticholinergics- names Atropine Butylscopolamine (hyoscine) Propantheline Isopropamide
Anticholinergics - action Antagonizes M1 receptors in CRTZ and vestibular (good for motion sickness) Antagonizes M2 receptors in peripheral -> potential for delayed gastric emptying, ileus
Created by: SarahCover
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