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Paramyxoviridae
Newcastle Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| There is only 1 serotype of this virus, but there are various strains. How are they differentiated and what are they? | Vary depending on the cleavability and activation of their hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion glycoproteins. Lentogenic. Mesogenic. Velogenic (Viscerotropic & Neurotropic) |
| How are the proteins in virulent strains cleaved and activated? | Cellular proteases present in the tissues |
| Who plays host to this virus? | Gallinaceous birds [domestic chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, peacocks]. pigeons. |
| What two types of birds are highly RESISTANT to this disease? | Canaries and Finches |
| Transmission? | Aerosols and ingestion of contaminated food and water. |
| How long is the virus shed? | Shed during incubation period, clinical stage, and limited periods during convalescence. Birds shed for up to 4 weeks after recovery. PERSISTENT CARRIER STATE |
| Location of replication? | Mucosal epithelium of the URT and GIT |
| Discuss Viremias. | Primary viremia spreads virus to the spleen and bone marrow->Secondary viremia leads to the virus to infect other organs like the lungs and CNS |
| Mucosal immunity is provided by ? whereas ? in the circulatory system blocks viremia. | IgA. IgG |
| How soon can neutralizing Ab be detected [hemagglutination inhibition antibodies] and how long do they persist? | within 4-6 days of infection. persists for at least 2 years |
| Clinical signs of Vicerotropic velogenic ND: | peracute and LETHAL. Hemorrhagic and ulcer-like lesions in the GIT. Mortality approached 100% in ALL ages |
| Clinical signs of Neurotropic velogenic ND: | Acute and LETHAL. Lesions in respiratory tract and CNS. *Hemorrhages are ABSENT* Mortality approaches 100% |
| Clinical signs of Mesogenic pathotypes: | Acute respiratory and sometimes lethal nervous infection of young chickens. Mortality approaches 25% |
| Clinical signs of Lentogenic pathotypes: | Mild to inapparents respiratory infection of chickens |
| Control? | REPORTABLE. Quarantine and depopulation |
| Vaccination? | Naturally occurring lentogenic strains [B1 or La Sota]. MATERAL Ab PROTECT BABY CHICKS FOR 3-4 WEEKS AFTER HATCHING. |
| Zoonotic: | conjunctivitis |
Created by:
lkollmeier
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