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Vet. Terminology
The Reproductive System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
crypt-orchid | clinically refers to an animal whose testes have not yet descended into the scrotum |
orchi-ectomy | excision of the testes; castration |
spermat-o-genesis | the process of sperm production |
ovari-o-hyster-ectomy | excision of the ovaries and the uterus |
py-o-metra | pus in the uterus |
mast-itis | inflammation of the breast/mammary tissue |
gesta-tion | the state of bearing; refers to the state of the reproductive cycle in which the female is carrying young in the uterus |
parturi-tion | the state of birthing |
lacta-tion | the state of milking |
post-parturi-ent | pertaining to after birth; postpartum |
Dys-toc-ia | the process of difficult birth |
Neo-nat-al | pertaining to newly born |
muta-gen-ic | pertaining to change producing; clinically refers to anything that alters the DNA to create genetic abnormalities |
teratoj-gen-ic | pertaining to monster producing; clinically refers to anything that causes physical defects in the developing embro/fetus. |
pro-estrus | before estrus; clinically refers to the period of the reproduction cycle before sexual receptivity |
estrus | a recurring period of sexual receptivity and fertility in many female mammals; heat. |
an-estrus | absence of estrus; clinically refers to the period in the reproductive cycle in which the female animal is in sexual quiescence (diestrus-the period between metestrus and the next proestrus) |
met-estrus | beyond/after; clinically refers to the period of the reproductive cycle after sexual receptivity |
The Estrous Cycle | (British spelling, oestrous) is the main reproductive cycle of other species females of non-primate vertebrates, for example rats, mice, horses, pig have this form of reproductive cycle. Also do not confuse with "estrus", which is a phase of the cycle. |
laparotomy | a surgical incision into the abdominal cavity, for diagnosis or in preparation for surgery. |
vaginal tunic | fibrous connective tissue sheath covering the spermatic cord and testes |
urethra in males | as a passage for urine from the bladder during urination, and as a passage for semen during copulation |
os penis | is a bone found in the penis of many placental mammals. It is absent in the human penis, but present in the penises of other primates, such as the gorilla and chimpanzee, and in canines |
prepuce | technical term for foreskin. |
cremaster muscle | Small slip of muscle which lies on the outside of the vaginal tunic, between the layers of spermatic fascia, and inserts on the scrotum. It functions to pull the testis closer to the body. |
acrosome | an organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the spermatozoa (sperm cells) of many animals. It is a cap-like structure derived from the Golgi apparatus. Contains lysosomal enzymes |
motility | refers to the movement and swimming of sperm |
morphology | Shape of sperm, or what it looks like under a microscope. Looks at the shape of the sperm head and the size of the sperm. The head shape is important because it affects the sperm's ability to dissolve the outer surface of an egg and fertilize it. |
evaluation of sperm | number, motility, and morphology |
induced ovulation | when a female animal ovulates due to an externally-stimulus during or prior to mating, rather than ovulating cyclically. Stimuli: physical act of coitus or mechanical stimulation simulating this, sperm and pheromones. |
zygote | a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum. |
Paraparesis | he partial paralysis of both legs. It is characterized by progressive weakness and spasms in the legs. |
colostrum | the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of mammals immediately following delivery of the newborn. Most species will generate it just prior to giving birth. It contains antibodies to protect the newborn against disease. |
Pseudocyesis | a condition in which an animal has all signs and symptoms of pregnancy except for the confirmation of the presence of a fetus. |
metritis | inflammation of the wall of the uterus |
endometritis | inflammation of the functional lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. |