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Respiratory System

QuestionAnswer
which system is responsible for the intake of oxygen from air into the body & removing carbon dioxide from the body into the air ? the respiratory system
the lungs, respiratory muscles (diaphragm & intercostal muscles) are all part of which system the respiratory
the respiratory system works interdependently with what other system circulatory system
ensuring oxygen to keep the body alive & performing its daily function is the role of which system the respiratory system
what system is essential for aerobic energy production & muscle work the respiratory system
what is the thoracic cavity know as thorax or chest cavity
name the sponge like structures filling most of the chest cavity & protected by the rib cage on either side the lungs
what sheet of muscle separates the lungs from the abdomen the diaphragm
what is the diaphragm made from a sheet of muscle
what exchange is the primary exchange function of the lungs gaseous exchange
the lungs primary function is receiving vital oxygen & passing it through the circulatory system while expelling waste product is known as which exchange gaseous exchange
where is the diaphragm situated bottom of the rib cage
gaseous exchange is the primary function of which organs the lungs
the cartilaginous tube that connects the throat (pharynx) and voice box(larynx) to the lungs is known as ? the trachea (windpipe)
where does the trachea (windpipe) extend from and branch to from the voice box (larynx) into the lungs
the left & right bronchus split from the what the trachea (windpipe)
bronchioles are subdivides of what bronchi
what are found connected to bronchioles ? alveoli (air sacs)
tiny air sacs that allow oxygen & carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream are call what alveoli (air sacs)
the main "muscles" involved in the action of breathing are ? the diaphragm & intercostal muscles (internal& external)
the two different mechanisms that allow the trigger breathing are (1)rising levels of "?" in he blood & (2) stretch receptors in which respiratory muscles becoming stretched carbon dioxide & intercostal muscles
the two main phases of the breathing cycle are ? inhalation (inspiration) & exhalation (expiration)
inhalation (inspiration) is ? drawing air into the lungs
exhalation (expiration) is ? expelling air from the lungs
what happens before both inhalation (inspiration) & exhalation (expiration) ? a short pause
what shape is the diaphragm in its normal position dome shaped
during inspiration the diaphragm contracts causing its normal dome shape to what ? flatten out (downwards)
during inspiration which intercostal muscles contract raising the ribcage ? the external
during inspiration when the diaphragm and external intercostals contract what happens to the chest cavity volume it increases
during inspiration when the chest cavity volume increases what is created between the air in the lungs & the air in the atmosphere ? negative pressure
during expiration the diaphragm muscle relaxes & rises returning to what shape its normal dome shape (upwards)
during expiration the intercostal muscles also relax what happens to the chest cavity ? it decreases
during expiration when the diaphragm & intercostals relax plus the chest cavity volume decreases pushing "some" air out of the lungs creating what ? positive pressure
at what phase of breathing is "negative pressure" achieved during inhalation (inspiration)
at what phase of breathing is "positive pressure" achieved during exhalation (expiration)
during exercise when breathing becomes more vigorous which intercostals become active internal
during expiration via vigorous exercise which intercostals contract forcing the ribs down and remove the air in the lungs internal
during gaseous exchange the oxygen in the alveoli (air sacs in the lungs) diffuses into where the blood strean & surrounding capillaries
what is a gaseous exchange delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs
how i carbon dioxide transported from the body via the blood
when carbon dioxide is removed during expiration where is it diffused ? the alveoli (air sacs in the lungs)
oxygen in the blood (travelling from the heart) diffuses into cells (mitochondria) for which energy production aerobic
the movement of gas from an area of high concentration to a low one is know as what ? diffusion
when does a gaseous exchange take place during respiration
where does the concentration of oxygen decrease ? between the mouth & the lungs
the alvolar & capillary walls are so thin they allow gas to what ? pass through them
What is the protein in red blood cells known as ? Haemoglobin (Hb)
what does Haemoglobin (Hb) carry in the blood oxygen, carbon dioxide & carbon monoxide
what binds to Haemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells ? oxygen
what gas dissociates from the Haemoglobin (Hb) & diffuses from the blood into the alveoli in the lungs to be removed form the body carbon dioxide
what system transports red blood cells through the body circulatory system
what cells carry oxygen around the body red blood cells
at what point do the respiratory & cardiovascular systems experience rapid growth the eary years
at birth what mass(weight) are the two ventricles equal size
in the early years why does the left ventricle grow at a higher rate ? high volume & pressure of blood flow
by early childhood how much larger is the left ventricle to the right one double the size
at birth what is the % of a persons total quota of alveoli have formed ? around 45 million (15%)
how many alveoli will the human body have by adulthood around 300 million
at what period will a child develop a lot of air sacs (aveoli) the first 6 months of life
what is a babys breathing rate per minute ? 30 to 60 breaths per minute
what is a adults breathing rate per minute ? 12 to 20 breaths per minute
At what age will a childs heart & lungs look like a mini version of an adults ? 3 years old
when does a pesrons cardiorespiratory organs stop growing ? when you stop growing
with ageing what can happen to the large arteries ? may start to stiffen & thicken
with age stiffening and thickening of large arteries can do what to both blood pressure ? systolic BP rises whilst diastolic BP declines
at what decade does diastolic BP readings normally start to decline after the 6th decade
from the age of 40 onwards what is the approx % per decade of the decline in aerobic capacity ? 10% per decade
during ageing what happens to bones the become thinner & change shape
whos breathing rate is higher per minute baby or an adult baby
what happens to the ribcage during ageing it changes shape
some short term/immediate effects of exercise on the cardiovascular & respiratory systems Increased: BPM - breathing frequency - widening of blood vessels for working muscles - volume of air in lungs - heart stroke volume - cardiac output volume of blood pumped by heart in a minute
some long term benefits of exercise on the cardiovascular & respiratory systems INCREASED: aerobic capacity - normalised BP - hypertrophy of left ventricle - elasticity & size of arteries - capillary work for gas diffusion - tougher diaphragm/intercostals - stroke volume & cardiac output - DECREASED rest/working HR + bad holestrol
exercise can help in BP control but this happens over time, what is the short term/immediate effect short term systolic pressure increases to meet oxygen demand
exercise brings about an increase in the volume of air in the lungs is this a short term or long term effect short term
the volume of blood pumped from the heart in a minute is known as what output ? cardiac output
the amount of blood pumped from the heart per contraction is known as ? stroke volume
exercise can bring about an "immediate" increase in stroke volume & cardiac output- TRUE or FALSE true
taking oxygen into the bloodstream & expelling Co2 through diffusion is the process of what exchange ? Gaseous exchange
What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in exhaled air? 16%
Created by: LeeNelson
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