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Vet. Terminology
Alimentary Tract/Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| or-o-pharynx | the mouth and throat |
| esophag-e-al | pertaining to the esophagus |
| gastr-ic | pertaining to the stomach |
| pylor-ic | pertaining to the pylorus |
| enter-ic | pertaining to the intestines |
| duoden-al | pertaining to the duodenum |
| jejun-al | pertaining to the jejunum |
| hepat-ic | pertaining to the liver |
| ile-o-cec-al | pertaining to the ileum, and the cecum |
| bili-ary | pertaining to bile |
| pancreat-ic | pertaining to the pancreas |
| peritone-al | pertaining to the peritoneum |
| haustra-tion | pertaining to a haustra. Haustrations are small pouches or sacculations in the colon and rectum. |
| degluti-tion | the act of swallowing |
| defeca-tion | the act of defecating (evacuation of the bowels, a bowel movement) |
| post-prandi-al | pertaining to after a meal |
| muc-us | the presence of slime |
| muc-ous | pertaining to mucous |
| muc-o-sal | pertaining to mucous |
| muc-oid | resembling mucous |
| sub-muc-o-sal | pertaining to beneath mucus |
| Lact-e-al | Pertaining to milky |
| Lip-ase | an enzyme of fat (lipid) |
| amyl-ase | an enzyme of starch (amylum = starch) |
| copr-o-phag-ia | the process of feces/dung eating |
| aliment-ary | pertaining to food |
| alimentary system | consists of mouth, stomach/intestines, pancrea, liver, and gall bladder |
| small intestines | Made up of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Most digestion and absorption of nutrients happens here. |
| villi | line the small intestine to maximize digestion and absorption by increasing surface area. |
| large intestine | also called the colon. Water absorption occurs here. Empties into the rectum then the anus. |
| Pylorus | the opening from the stomach into the duodenum (small intestine) |
| Cardia | the upper opening of the stomach, where the esophagus enters |
| Forestomach | (before intestines) Has four compartments: Reticulum, Rumen (largest), Omasum, Abomasum (true stomach, enzymatic digestion occurs here) |
| Fat soluble vitamins (stored in the liver) | Vitamin A, D, E, K |
| peristalsis | the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward. |
| omentum | curtain of fatty tissue that hangs down from our stomach and liver and wraps around the intestines, and is known to play a role in immune responses and metabolism, although exactly how that happens is only dimly understood |
| mesentary | contiguous set of tissues that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall and is formed by the double fold of peritoneum. It helps in storing fat and allowing blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to supply the intestines, among other functions |
| peritoneum | the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs |
| reticulum | reticulum is the second chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant animal. Having a honeycomb-like structure, receiving food from the rumen and passing it to the omasum |
| rumen | also known as a paunch, forms the larger part of the reticulorumen, which is the first chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals. It serves as the primary site for microbial fermentation of ingested feed |
| omasum | the muscular third stomach of a ruminant animal, between the reticulum and the abomasum. |
| abomasum ("true stomach") | also known as the maw, rennet-bag, or reed tripe, is the fourth and final stomach compartment in ruminants. It secretes rennet. Site of enzymatic digestion. |
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Raevyn1
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