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Feline Panleukopenia
Parvoviridae
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are two synonyms of this disease? | Feline Distemper. Feline Infectious Enteritis |
| Who is susceptible? | ALL members of the cat family (esp kittens 3-5 mo.) includnig those related |
| Why is this virus ubiquitous? | Contagious & capacity for persistence |
| Most infections are subclinical. Why? | 75-85% of unvaccinated cats have antibody titers by ONE YEAR OF AGE |
| How long are unvaccinated kittens with maternal antibodies protected? Recovered cats? | 3 months. Solidly immune but can excrete small amounts of virus in feces and urine for up to 6 weeks or longer |
| High levels of viral excretion result in high levels of environmental contamination. How long to viruses survive in the environment? | at least 1 year |
| How are cats infected? | Oronasal route |
| HOw does panleukopenia come about? | destruction of various WBCs (lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes) including those in the circulation due to virus adsorption and immune cytolysis and those in the lymphoid organs |
| What else can accompany the panleukopenia? | thrmobocytopenia |
| Where does the virus multiply and what does this cause? | Intestinal epithelial cells in the crypts of Lieberkuhn and shortened, nonabsorptive villi occur = diarrhea |
| What happens in an early in utero infection? | Early fetal death and resorption with infertility, abortions, or the birth of mummified fetuses |
| T/F. Feline parvovirus produces variable effects on kittens from the same litter. | TRUE |
| What parts of the nervous system are susceptible to damage by the virus during prenatal or early neonatal development? | CNS, Optic nerve, and REtina |
| What is the most common CNS disorder and when is this seen? | Cerebellar hypoplasia during the last 2 weeks or pregnancy and the first 2 weeks of life |
| What two things lead to blindness? | Optic Nerve atrophy and Retinopathy |
| What is the relationship between endotoxins and DIC? | Endotoxin induces tissue factor (Factor III) expression on endothelial cells and this is a potent activator of coagulation |
| What are the 3 major causes of death? Mortality rate? | Dehydration, Secondary Bacterial Infections, and DIC. 25-90% |
| When is cerebellar hypoplasia apparent? | when the kitten begins to walk at 3-4 weeks of age |
| What is the virus inactivated by? | bleach, 4% formaldehyde, and 1% glutaraldehyde in 10 minutes at room temp |
| Who should NOT receive the modified live vaccine? | cats that are pregnant, immunosuppressed, sick, or kittens under 4 weeks of age |
Created by:
lkollmeier
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