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Alphaherpesvirinae
Pseudorabies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are two other names for this disease? | Aujeszky's Disease and "Mad Itch" |
| Who is this primarily a disease of and what is special about this? | Swine and it is REPORTABLE |
| Does this disease occur worldwide or locally? | Worldwide! |
| How long can this virus survive in the environment and who is the most sensitive lab animal? | few hours to 2-3 days and the RABBIT! |
| Who are the primary hosts and resevoirs of this virus? Who is the minor resevoir? | Recovered adult pigs// Rodents (brown rats) |
| What is the single most important factor in the trasmission of pseudorabies? | spread of the virus from swine to other species and to other swine |
| How is it spread through swine?` | nasal secretions (especially recovered), saliva, and milk// licking abraded skin, biting, aerosols, and ingestion of infected carcasses and contaminated water and feed |
| How are dogs and cats infected? | ingestion of infected pif carcasses and rodents |
| How are ruminants infected? | direct contact with pigs//oral and nasal routes |
| Why is this virus easy to eradicate? | IT ONLY REPLICATES IN SWINE! |
| Where does the cirus replicate in the pig? | URT...specifically the epithelium of the nasopharynx and tonsils which then spread to the lnn. and the CNS |
| There is a brief viremia and then the virus spread to the CNS and causes 3 things: | (1) Ganglioneuritis/ (2) Nonsuppourative meningoencephalitis/ (3) Perivascular cuffing |
| What are the clinical features in weaned, growing, and adult swine? | Listless, depressed, incoordination, circling, convulsions, mortality (<2%)/ Puritus is rare in pigs, but is a common secondary disease in other hosts |
| What are the clinical features in piglets born to nonimmune sows? | Death within 24 hours after parturition// Mortality reaches 100% |
| What are the clinical features in nonimmune pregnant sows? | SMEDI and 50% can abort |
| What happens if nonimmune sows are infected before 30days of gestation? | DEATH and resorption of embryos |
| What happens in nonimmune sows aer infected in late pregnancy? | Deliver mummified, macerated, stillborn, weak, or normal swine. |
| What does SMEDI stand for?` | Stillbirth. Mummification. Enbryonic Death. Infertility. |
| T/F. Less than 20% of cows aborting are infertiles on and the next breeding and never conceive again. | FALSE- They do eventually conceive! |
| What are the clinical features in cattle? | "Mad Itch". INTENSE puritus of the head and neck due to respiratory infection/ Paralysis of the pharynx, salivation, and forced respiration/ DEATH FROM RESPIRATORY FAILURE |
| What are the clinical features in dogs? | Puritus with paralysis of the jaws and pharynx with drooling of saliva...NO AGGRESSION (unlike Rabies) |
| What are the clinical features in cats? | disease is very rapid so puritus may not be observed |
| What are 4 ways the disease can be diagnosed? | (1) History and clinical signs. (2) Virus isolation. (3) Fluorescent antibody staining of frozen tissue sections (brain and tonsils). (4) Detection of Ab by serum neutralization, ELISA, and latex agglutination testss |
| T/F. Vaccines do not prevent infection of the establishment of latent infection by the wild-type virus. | TRUE |
| Define: Gene-deleted vaccine | This was the first genetically attenuated vaccine in Vet Med. It is a pseudorabies vaccine in which both the thymidine kinase gene and a glycoprotein gene have been removed |
Created by:
lkollmeier
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