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Animal Behavior
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ethology | The study of animal behavior |
| Stimulus-Response Theory | A psychological theory that holds that all complex forms (thoughts, emotions, habits) of behavior are muscular and glandular responses |
| Classical conditioning | The association of stimuli that occurs at approximately the same time or in roughly the same area (Pavlov’s dogs) |
| Operant conditioning | The association of an activity with punishment or reward. |
| Operant | Functioning or tending to produce effects |
| Sensitive period | The very crucial time period when a young animal imprints to its parents and surroundings |
| Imprinting | A rapid learning process that enables the very young to recognize and bond with their caretaker |
| Canine Socialization Period | 4-14 weeks, dogs must experience as much of the world as possible |
| First fear period (canine) | 8-10 weeks, puppies can be permanently and psychologically damaged from pain or adverse punishment |
| Negative punishment | Removing a desirable occurrence to decrease a behavior (ex: withholding food from begging dog) |
| Positive punishment | Adding an undesirable occurrence to decrease a behavior (ex: shock collar) |
| Negative reinforcement | Any immediate unpleasant occurrence used to create a desired behavior (ex: electric fence) |
| Positive reinforcement | Any immediate pleasant occurrence that follows a good behavior to reinforce it (ex: awarding treats), must occur within 20 seconds of behavior |
| Pain-induced aggression | Defensive aggression triggered by pain |
| Fear-induced aggression | Accompanied by fear, often when escape is not possible, may be associated with previous unpleasant experiences |
| Canine Separation Anxiety | Anxiety felt when separated from owner, signs include: excessive vocalization, destructive behavior, inappropriate elimination, anorexia, hyperactivity, inactivity, vomiting, diarrhea |
| Conflict-related aggression | Occurs when an animal is exposed to an uncomfortable or uncertain stimulus or conflict, learns that aggression will help it avoid the conflict |
| Avoidance conditioning | Learning that aggression will help avoid a conflict |
| Feline socialization period | 2-8 weeks old, kittens need to interact with surroundings to avoid fearful situations later in life |
| Predatory aggression | From hunting instinct, quick and unpredictable |
| Inter-male aggression | Elements of competitive, territorial, and sexual aggression |
| Territorial aggression | Aggressive tendencies related to territory, defense of an area |
Created by:
juliaportella
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