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Skeleton - Limbs
302.3 Vet nursing The skeletal system-fore and hindlimbs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name for the collar bone | Clavicle |
| Which small animal does not have a clavicle? | Dogs |
| Another name for the shoulder blade | Scapula |
| What shape of bone is the scapula? | Flat |
| What are the two regions on the lateral side of the scapula, divided by the spine? | Supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa |
| Boney projection on the distal end of the scapula | Acromion |
| Shallow socket on the distal end of the scapula | Glenoid cavity |
| What joint does the glenoid cavity form with the humerous? | Shoulder joint |
| What is the humerous? | The long bone of the upper arm |
| The proximal end of the humerus, ball of the shoulder joint | Head |
| Prominences on either side of the humerus head | Tubercles |
| Tubercle on the medial side of the humerus | Lesser tubercle |
| Tubercle on the lateral side of the humerus | Greater tubercle |
| The distal end of the humerus | Condyle |
| Prominence on the medial side of the condyle of the humerus | Medial epicondyle |
| Prominence on the lateral side of the condyle of the humerus | Lateral epicondyle |
| Deep hollow in the condyle of the humerus | Olecranon fossa |
| Hole in the olecranon fossa of the humerus | Supratrochlear foramen |
| Of the radius and ulna, which is longer? | Ulna |
| Projection on the proximal end of the ulna? | Olecranon |
| The olecranon forms the point of which joint? | Elbow |
| The tendon of which muscle attaches to the olecranon? | Triceps brachii |
| Name of the notch on the ulna where the humerus sits | Trochlear notch |
| The distal end of the ulna is called? | Lateral styloid process |
| Projection at the top of the trochlear notch on the ulna? | Anconeal process |
| Scientific name for the forearm between the elbow and the wrist | Antebrachium |
| Which is the main weight bearing bone of the radius and ulna? | Radius |
| Pointed process at the distal end of the radius | Styloid process |
| The styloid process articulates as which joint? | Carpal joint (wrist) |
| How many carpal bones make up the carpus? | 7 |
| What shape of bones are the carpal bones? | Short |
| How many rows are the carpal bones split in to? | 2 |
| The three bones in the proximal row of the carpus | Radial, ulnar and accessory carpal bones |
| Where is the accessory carpal bone? | Behind the wrist on the lateral side of the carpus |
| How many metacarpals are in a dog foot? | 5 |
| What structure does metacarpal 1 form? | Dew claw |
| Is metacarpal 1 medial or lateral? | Medial |
| The metacarpals articulate with which joint proximally? | Metacarpal joint |
| The metacarpals articulate with which joint distally? | Metacarpophalangeal joint |
| Each digit is made up of three bones called? | Phalanges |
| What shape of bone are phalanges? | Long |
| Each digit has 3 phalanges except for which digit? | Dew claw, digit 1 |
| The distal phalanges ends in what process? | Ungual process |
| What does the ungual process form part of? | The claw |
| The hindlimb is directly connected to the axial skeleton through which joint? | Sacroiliac joint |
| The two halves of the pelvis are joined by what? | Pelvic symphysis |
| The sacroiliac joint joins which bones? | Pelvis and sacrum of the spine |
| The three parts of the pelvis? | Ischium, Ilium, Pubis |
| Which of the three bones of the pelvis is the largest? | Ilium |
| Name of the joint socket of the hip? | Acetabulum |
| The head of which bone sits in the acetabulum? | Femur |
| The two large holes in the side of the pelvis | Obturator foramina |
| What is the obturator foramina for? | Lighten pelvis and attach muscles and ligaments |
| 2 projections on either side of the head of the femur? | Greater and lesser trochanter |
| Which trochanter is on the lateral side? | Greater trochanter |
| What are these trochanters for? | Muscle attachment for the thigh and hip |
| 2 projections on either side of the distal femur? | Medial and lateral condyle |
| Name of the groove where the patella sits? | Trochlea groove |
| Other name of the patella? | Knee cap |
| The patella is found within the tendon of what muscle? | Quadriceps femoris |
| Two small sesamoid bones found behind the stifle? | Fabellae |
| In what muscle do the fabellae sit? | Gastrocnemius |
| What is patella luxation? | When the patella doesnt sit in the trochlae groove properly and slips out |
| The 2 long bones that form the lower leg? | Tibia and fibula |
| Which of the 2 lower leg bones is the larger? | Tibia |
| Which of the lower leg bones is more lateral? | Fibula |
| Prominence on the dorsal surface of the proximal tibia? | Tibial crest |
| Which muscle attaches to the tibial crest? | Quadriceps femoris |
| Bone protrusions on the distal end of the tibia and fibula? | Medial and lateral malleolus |
| What shape are the 7 tarsus bones? | Short |
| 2 tarsus bones in the proximal row? | Talus and calcaneous |
| Large caudal projection of the calcaneous bone? | Tuber calcis/ calcaneal tuberosity |
| How many digits are usually found on the hindlimb of the dog and cat? | 4 |
| How are digits usually numbered? | From medial to lateral |
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18000305
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