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Ch. 15 Feed/Protect
Veterinary Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hematologic System | encompasses the production of blood and the transport of blood throughout the body |
| Blood | supplies body tissues with oxygen, nutrients (vitamins, minerals, glucose, amino acids) |
| Hem/o, Hemat/o | meaning "blood" |
| Hematology | the study of blood |
| Hematopoiesis | meaning "formation of blood" |
| -poiesis | meaning "formation" |
| Drawing blood | common term for collecting a blood sample |
| Anticoagulant | a substance that prevents blood clotting |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid - an anticoagulant |
| Heparin | a drug that is an anticoagulant |
| Coagulation | the process of clotting |
| Buffy Coat | a layer that forms on the interface of the erythrocytes and plasma during coagulation that is made up of leukocytes and thrombocytes |
| Serum | the liquid portion of blood with clotting proteins removed, when blood is allowed to clot, the remaining liquid portion is serum |
| Plasma | straw-colored fluid portion of blood that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste. contains clotting proteins, and is a COLLOID |
| Colloid | a liquid that contains suspended particles |
| Clotting Proteins | Fibrinogen, Prothrombin, Albumin |
| Fibrin/o | meaning "Fibrin or threads of a clot" |
| Pro- | meaning "before" |
| Thromb/o | meaning "clot" |
| Cholesterol and Triglyceride | Lipids, or fats, that circulate in blood |
| Erythrocyte | a mature red blood cell. abbr. RBC |
| Eryth/o | meaning "red" |
| -cyte | meaning "cell" |
| Hemoglobin | a blood protein that transports oxygen |
| Heme | the non-protein, iron concentrating portion of hemoglobin |
| Central Pallor | the central pale area of a RBC that represents the thinnest part of the biconcave disc. |
| Hypochromatic RBC | RBC that have more central pallor then normal and have decreased hemoglobin concentration |
| Polychromatic | RBC that have less central pallor than normal and have increased hemoglobin, and have altered cell membranes, making them appear blue |
| Immature Polychromatic RBC | just released from bone marrow and may still have their ribosomes and mitochondria, are also larger and bluer in color |
| Myel/o | meaning "bone marrow, and spinal chord" |
| Reticulocyte | immature, non-nucleated erythrocyte charaterized by polychromasia |
| Reticulocytosis | seen with regenerative anemia |
| Macrophage | a large cell that destroys by eating (engulfing). |
| Macr/o | meaning "large" |
| -phage | meaning "eating" |
| Phagocyte | meaning "a cell that eats" or a leukocyte that ingests foreign material |
| Hematology | the study of blood |
| Morphology | the study of form or shape |
| Leukocyte | a white blood cell, abbr WBC |
| Leuk/o | meaning "white" |
| Leucocytopoiesis | the production of white blood cells |
| Granulocyte | a cell that contains prominent grain-like structures in its cytoplasm |
| Agranulocyte | a cell that does not contain prominent grain-like structures in its cytoplasm |
| Basophilic | stained readily with basic, or blue, dyes in many commonly used stains such as hematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa, and Wright's |
| Eosinophilic | stained readily with acidic, or pink dyes in many commonly used stains such as H&E, Giemsa, and Wright's |
| Normocytic | meaning "normal cell size" |
| Macrocytic | Meaning "larger than normal cell size" |
| Microcytic | meaning "smaller than normal cell size" |
| Poikilocytosis | condition of irregular cells, clinically means varied shapes of erythrocytes |
| Poikilo | meaning "irregular" |
| Anisocytosis | condition of unequal cell size; excessive varriation in RBC size |
| Normochromic | normal RBC color (has area of central pallor of normal size) |
| Hypochromic | less than normal color (has enlarged area of central pallor) |
| Hyperchromic | more than normal color (term is not commonly used) |
| Polychromasia | "condition of many colors" that appears as an overall blue tint of Wright-stained RBCs due to shrinking of the cell membrane; indicates slight immaturity of the erythrocyte |
| Rouleaux | RBC's that are arranged like stacks of coins on the peripheral blood smear; may be artifact or may be normal in species such as cats and horses |
| Agglutination | clumping of RBC's due to the presence of an antibody directed against RBC surface antigens that forms a lattice work that links them together |
| Lymphocyte | class of "agranulocytic" leukocyte that contains a diverse set of cells including those that can directly attack specific pathogens of produce antibodies |
| Monocyte | class of "agranulocytic" leukocyte that has a phagocytic function and participates in the inflammatory response |
| Neutrophil | class of granulocytic leukocyte that has a phagocytic function (mainly against bacteria) |
| Segmented Neutrophil or Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte (PMN) | mature Neutrophil |
| Polymorphonuclear | meaning " mulitshaped nucleus" |
| Band Cell or Banded Neutrophil | an immature PMN |
| Heterophils | large and stain a deep orange or red, in rabbits, birds, amphibians, and reptiles |
| Eosinophil | class of granulocytic leukocyte that detoxifies allergens and controls parasitic infections by damaging parasitic membranes |
| Basophil | class of granulocytic leukocyte that promotes the inflammatory response and contains histamine in its cytoplasmic granules |
| Thrombocyte | nucleated clotting cell (non-mammalian vertebrates) |
| Platelet | anucleated clotting cell (mammalian vertebrates) |
| Megakaryocyte | a large nucleated cell found in the bone marrow from which platelets are formed |
| Bone Marrow Biopsy | sample of bone marrow obtained by needle aspiration for examination of cells, taken from long bones |
| Blood Smear | blood specimen for microscopic examination in which blood is spread thinly across a microscope slide and typically stained |
| Ultrasound | diagnostic procedure to image the structures of blood vessels and flow of blood through these vessels |
| Anemia | blood condition of less-than-normal levels of red blood cells and/or hemoglobin |
| Basopenia | deficiency in the number of basophils in the blood |
| -penia | meaning "indicates a decrease in a particular type of cell" |
| Basophilia | elevation in the number basophils in the blood |
| -philia | is a suffix that indicates in increase in a particular type of cell |
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation | disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become abnormally active, producing clots that obstruct the blood vessels, cut off blood supply to various organs. |
| Dyscrasia | any abnormal condition of the blood |
| Edema | accumulation of fluid in the intercellular space |
| Edemateous | is the adjective form of edema |
| Eosinophilia | elevation in the number of eosinophils in the blood |
| erythrocytosis | abnormal increase in red blood cells |
| -cytosis | suffix meaning condition of cell but implies elevated cell numbers |
| exudate | material that has escaped from blood vessels and is high in protein, cells, or solid materials derived from cells; are typically inflammatory in nature |
| hemolytic | removing and destroying red blood cells |
| hemolytic anemia | excessive RBC destruction, resulting in lower-than-normal levels of RBCs |
| hemolytic serum | contains red blood cell components that are released when erythrocytes are damaged due to a variety of causes (such as improper specimen processing, collection, or transport) and appears pink or blood-tinged |
| hemolysis | the breaking down of red blood cells |
| lysis | medical term for destruction or breakdown |
| hemophilia | hereditary condition of deficient blood coagulation |
| hemorrhage | loss of blood (usually in a short period of time |
| hemostasis | the act of controlling blood or bleeding |
| hemostat | an instrument used to control bleeding |
| hyperalbuminemia | |
| hyperemia | excess blood in a part; engorgment |
| hyperlipidemia | blood condition of abnormally high fat levels; more accurately means abnormally high fat levels caused by fat metabolism |
| lip/o | combining form for fat |
| icteric serum | serum that has yellow pigmentation that is suggestive of hyperbilirubinemia |
| left shift | common term for an alteration in the distribution of leukocytes in which there are increases in banded neutrophils usually in response to severe bacterial infection |
| leukemia | elevation in the number of malignant white blood cells; animals with leukemia have extremely elevated total leukocyte counts; may be classifies according to the concentration of neoplastic cells that are circulating in the blood |
| leukocytosis | elevation in the number of white blood cells |
| leukopenia | deficiency of white blood cells; also called leukocytopenia |
| lipemia | excessive amount of fats in the blood |
| lipemic serum | fats from blood that have settled in the serum; serum appears to be cloudy and white |
| lymphocytosis | elevated numbers of lymphocytes in the blood |
| lymphopenia | deficiency of the lymphocytes in the blood |
| modified transudate | material that has cell numbers and distribution similar to transudates but the protein concentration is greater than 2.5 g/dL resulting from leakage of high protein lymph |
| monocytopenia | deficiency of monocytes in the blood |
| monocytosis | elevated numbers of monocytes in the blood |
| myelodysplasia | hematologic disorder characterized clinically and morphologically by ineffective hematopoiesis that results in some form of cytopenia such as anemia, neutropenia, and/or thrombocytopenia |
| neutropenia | deficiency in the number of neutrophils in the blood |
| neutrophilia | elevation in the number of neutrophils in the blood |
| pancytopenia | deficiency of all types of blood cells |
| phagocytosis | condition of engulfing or eating cells |
| polycythemia | condition of many cells; clinically means excessive erythrocytes |
| septicemia | blood condition in which pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria) and their toxins are present |
| -emia | suffix means blood condition |
| pathogenic | means producing disease |
Created by:
dmweaver
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