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Animal Care Unit 1A3

Quantitative Checks

QuestionAnswer
What are quantitative tests? Accurate measurements of an animal's health
Why are quantitative tests best carried out at a veterinary practice? They have specialist equipment to get accurate readings and diagnosis
What is a weight assessment used for? To assess weight gain and loss
How does the age of an aimal affect its weight Very young animals gain weight rapidly. Older animals may start to lose weight
How does pregnancy affect the weight of an animal? Female animals should gradually gain weight in the early stages of pregnancy
How does ill health affect the weight of an animal? Animals may rapidly gain or lose weight during ill health
How often should DOGS, CATS, RABBITS, CHICKENS and BEARDED DRAGONS be weighed? Once a month
How often should a GOAT be weighed? Every six months to one year
When should an animal be weighed more frequently? If it has been identified as being unwell, weekly monitoring may be recommended
What must we do the scales before placing an animal on them? Scales must be zeroed prior to animal being put/walking onto them
How should we weigh a BEARDED DRAGON? Place it in a pillow case and then put it on weighing scales
How can we weigh a GOAT? By using specialist small crush cages.
A cat or a rabbit may not stay still long enough to weigh it accurately, what can we do? Use restraint/transport equipment. The weight of this equipment is taken off the final measurement
What are TPR checks? Temperature, Pulse and Respiration
When are TPR checks carried out? When we think an animal is ill
How do we take the temperature of birds and mammals? Rectally with a digital thermometer
How is temperature measured? In degrees Celsius
What must we do before using a thermometer Check that it is in good working order: it has a battery and the battery has enough power. Check casing for any cracks or damage. Make sure it's clean, sterile and disinfected. Check that it is a suitable size for the animal.
What is the process for taking temperature of DOGS, CATS, RABBITS, GOATS and CHICKENS? Restrain animal securely. Apply a small amount of lubricant to the bulb end of the thermometer. Insert thermometer gently into the anus with a gentle twisting action. Hold in position for 30–60 seconds. Remove, clean and read temperature.
Name three possible abnormalities in the temperature of DOGS, CATS, RABBITS, GOATS and CHICKENS Hyperthermia, pyrexia and hypothermia
What is hyperthermia? Raised temperature that could be caused by heat stroke, exercise, pain or seizures
What is pyrexia? Fever that could be caused by bacterial or viral infection, or severe pain
What is hypothermia? Reduced body temperature which could be caused by shock, circulatory collapse or just prior to giving birth.
What is the process for taking the temperature in BEARDED DRAGONS? The body temperature of bearded dragons is not monitored because they are ectothermic. A rectal thermometer MUST NOT be used.
Bearded dragons are ECTOTHERMIC, what does this mean? They require an external heat source to maintain their body temperature. The temperature of their enclosure should be monitored to ensure it is within the guideline temperature range
How do we know when a BEARDED DRAGON is too warm? It stands with mouth open (gaping)
How do we know when a BEARDED DRAGON is too cold? It is rigid and not moving around enclosure or eating.
How is the pulse measured? In beats per minute (BPM)
What does BPM stand for? Beats per minute
Where can you find an animal's pulse? At any point where an artery runs near the surface of the animal’s skin.
Where is the FEMORAL pulse found? On the inside of the thigh in the groin area
Where is the DIGITAL pulse found? At the back of the paw between the stopper pad and the metacarpal pad
Where is the COCCYGEAL pulse found? On the underside of the tail near the base
What are the three types of pulse? Femoral, digital and coccygeal
Why must we use our fingers to check for a pulse, not our thumb? Because there is a faint pulse in the human thumb
What is the process for taking an animal's pulse? Restrain the animal. Find the artery with the fingers. Apply firm pressure to the artery using at least two fingers. Count the pulsations for 1 minute (using stopwatch/watch to time).
What can cause abnormal pulse rates in animals? Anxiety, stress, illness, shock, exercise
What can cause slow heart rates in animals? Sleep, unconsciousness or hypothermia
What can cause high heart rates (tachycardia) in animals? Stress, pain, early shock, exercise, excitement and fear.
How is respiration (breathing) measured in animals? Breaths per minute
What is the process for measuring respiration in animals? Observe the animal when at rest (not sleeping or panting). Watch the movement of the chest, counting either breaths in or out (but not both) for 1 minute
What are the three types abnormalities in animal pulse rates? Bradypnoea, tachypnoea and dyspnoea
What is bradypnoea? Slow or decreased breathing rate caused by sleep, unconsciousness or hypothermia
What is tachypnoea? Rapid or increased breathing rate caused by stress, pain, fever, exercise, excitement and fear
What is dyspnoea? Difficulty in breathing (dyspnoea) which can be caused by obstruction, chest trauma or chest infection.
Which tests can only be carried out by vets? Egg count, detailed blood test, urine test, TPR checks
Why should certain tests only be carried out by vets? To ensure the accuracy of the readings and because the tasks are complex
What is an egg count? Every 3–6 months, faecal (poo) samples will need to be collected and sent to a veterinary surgeon to be screened for intestinal parasites to ensure that worm preventative treatments are working.
What does a detailed blood test check for? Bacteria, increased white blood cell count, calcium levels, magnesium levels and sugar levels
What does a urine test check for? Blood, sugar and bacteria
What is TPR? Temperature, pulse and respiration
Created by: MmeLightfoot
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