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FoodMicroLecture 12
Food Micro Midterm 2
| Define foodborne illness. | Diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food. |
| What are the three types of foodborne illness? | Infection, intoxication, allergenic reaction |
| Define pathogen. | Microorganisms that cause disease. |
| Define infectious dose. | Number of pathogen cells needed to be ingested to cause illness. |
| Define incubation period. | Time between eating and appearance of symptoms. |
| What factors determine pathogenicity? | Nature of pathogenic agent, amount of exposure, person who at the food. |
| What types of symptoms are seen in disease? | Gastrointestinal, neurological, invasive/systemic, sequelae. |
| Define virulence/pathogenicity. | Capacity of a pathogen to cause disease. |
| What are pathogens characterized by? | Ability to infect, severity of disease, ability to cause death |
| What host defenses do people have against foodborne illness? | Stomach acidity, gut microbiome, antibodies/phagocytes |
| Pathogens in raw foods normally come from ____-harvest contamination. | pre |
| Pathogens in processed food normally come from ____-harvest contamination. | post |
| Define a foodborne case. | One person having illness after eating a food. |
| Define a foodborne outbreak. | More than one person having a similar illness after eating a food. |
| Define a foodborne cluster. | A larger number of cases than expected in a time and location. |
| What five commodities make up most the the outbreaks related to fresh produce? | Lettuce, tomatoes, melons, herbs, berries |
| What are the steps in an outbreak investigation? | 1. Detect the outbreak 2. Find the source of the outbreak 3. Control the outbreak |
| Are possible outbreaks detected? | Physicans send samples to labs and/or illness is reported to a local health department; CDC gets reports via a National Outbreak Reporting System |
| What are three types of data in an outbreak investigation? | Epidemiologic, traceback, food an environmental testing |
| What are three types of epidemiologic data? | Time periods when people got sick, past outbreaks with same pathogen, patterns in geographic distribution. |
| What are three types of traceback data? | Identifying a common point of contamination, reviewing restaurant/retail records, finding food safety records in restaurants/retail. |
| What are two types of food and environmental testing data? | Collect pathogen on interest from persons home/food item, find DNA fingerprint linked pathogen in sick people to food/production facility. |
| Define serotyping for isolates. | Specific reaction to antiserum. |
| Define phage typing for isolates. | Sensitivity to specific bacteriophage strains. |
| Define toxinotyping for isolates. | Find type of toxin production. |
| Define genotyping for isolates. | Find genetic fingerprint. |
| DNA fingerprinting is normally done with _____. | Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) |
| T or F: Sequencing of entire genomes is most accurate as a sub-typing method. | True |
| T or F: Viruses and parasites can be grown on enrichment culture. | False |
| How are viruses and parasites detected? | PCR |
| Define sequelae. | Long-term illness from a foodborne illness. |
Created by:
goberoi
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