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FoodMicroLecture 12

Food Micro Midterm 2

Define foodborne illness. Diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
What are the three types of foodborne illness? Infection, intoxication, allergenic reaction
Define pathogen. Microorganisms that cause disease.
Define infectious dose. Number of pathogen cells needed to be ingested to cause illness.
Define incubation period. Time between eating and appearance of symptoms.
What factors determine pathogenicity? Nature of pathogenic agent, amount of exposure, person who at the food.
What types of symptoms are seen in disease? Gastrointestinal, neurological, invasive/systemic, sequelae.
Define virulence/pathogenicity. Capacity of a pathogen to cause disease.
What are pathogens characterized by? Ability to infect, severity of disease, ability to cause death
What host defenses do people have against foodborne illness? Stomach acidity, gut microbiome, antibodies/phagocytes
Pathogens in raw foods normally come from ____-harvest contamination. pre
Pathogens in processed food normally come from ____-harvest contamination. post
Define a foodborne case. One person having illness after eating a food.
Define a foodborne outbreak. More than one person having a similar illness after eating a food.
Define a foodborne cluster. A larger number of cases than expected in a time and location.
What five commodities make up most the the outbreaks related to fresh produce? Lettuce, tomatoes, melons, herbs, berries
What are the steps in an outbreak investigation? 1. Detect the outbreak 2. Find the source of the outbreak 3. Control the outbreak
Are possible outbreaks detected? Physicans send samples to labs and/or illness is reported to a local health department; CDC gets reports via a National Outbreak Reporting System
What are three types of data in an outbreak investigation? Epidemiologic, traceback, food an environmental testing
What are three types of epidemiologic data? Time periods when people got sick, past outbreaks with same pathogen, patterns in geographic distribution.
What are three types of traceback data? Identifying a common point of contamination, reviewing restaurant/retail records, finding food safety records in restaurants/retail.
What are two types of food and environmental testing data? Collect pathogen on interest from persons home/food item, find DNA fingerprint linked pathogen in sick people to food/production facility.
Define serotyping for isolates. Specific reaction to antiserum.
Define phage typing for isolates. Sensitivity to specific bacteriophage strains.
Define toxinotyping for isolates. Find type of toxin production.
Define genotyping for isolates. Find genetic fingerprint.
DNA fingerprinting is normally done with _____. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
T or F: Sequencing of entire genomes is most accurate as a sub-typing method. True
T or F: Viruses and parasites can be grown on enrichment culture. False
How are viruses and parasites detected? PCR
Define sequelae. Long-term illness from a foodborne illness.
Created by: goberoi
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