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Birds
Laboratory Animals and Exotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What order of avians are usually used in biomedical research? | Galliformes (fowl); turkey, chicken, duck |
| What does integument mean? | skin, beak, claws, feathers, and associated structures |
| What shape of beak do psittacines have? | curved upper beak |
| What is the other name for uropygial gland? | preen gland |
| What is the purpose of the preen gland? | secretes material that is used by bird to waterproof their feathers |
| The caudal portion of the birds vertebrae is fused to form what is called the ____________________. | synsacrum |
| What are the largest muscles in a birds body? | pectorals |
| What bones in the bird are pneumatic bones? | skull, vertebrae pelvis, sternum, ribs, humerus, and sometimes the femur |
| What is another name for developing feathers on a bird? | blood feathers |
| How many air sacs do birds have? | nine |
| Where is the syrinx found? | caudal portion of the trachea |
| Where is the operculum found? | nares |
| Where are bird lungs found? | dorsally near the spine |
| Where does gas exchange take place in the bird? | lungs |
| What body excrements come out of the cloaca? | feces and urine |
| Which anticholinergic should never be used in birds? | atropine |
| Preening helps with what? | waterproofing |
| The stomach that grinds the food is called what? | ventriculus |
| What part of the GI system in birds softens the food? | crop |
| The anatomical order of the digestive system of the bird is what? | crop, proventriculus and ventriculus |
| Drug dosages in birds is so minute that they are often used in a manner other than what they were intended. What is this called? | extralabel use |
| In the roof of the mouth of birds there is an opening called what? | choana |
| The white part of a bird's droppings is what? | urates |
| The ulnar vein may also be called what? | wing vein or basilic vein |
| A gavage is used for what? | feed or medicate birds |
| What area is best to give SQ fluids in a bird? | inguinal |
| How many ml's can you give IM to a bird in one injection? | 0.3 mls |
| Butorphenol i good for what in birds? | pain |
| Another name for voice box. | syrinx |
| The distended area on the esophagus. | crop |
| Muscles on either side of the keel. | pectorals |
| True stomach of the bird. | proventriculus |
| Why does the gizzard have rocks and sand in it? | to grind the food |
| Define vent. | external opening of the cloaca |
| What is found right inside the nose of birds? NOT BOOGERS! | OPERCULUM |
| The avian disease that is a herpesvirus and can affect the entire flock by causing reddened prolapsed cloacas is called what? | Cloacal Papillomatosis |
| The avian disease that is also known as parrot fever, is zoonotic, and can cause pneumonia is called what? | Avian Chlamydiosis |
| The avian disease, Poxvirus, causes lesions to occur in what area of the body? | face, eyelids, and corners of mouth and feet |
| The avian disease that has been seen recently in the U.S. that is caused by mosquitos which infects humans and horses is called what? | West Nile Virus |
| If a bird presents to vet and is ataxic, anorexic, with no motility in the crop it could be what disease? | Proventricular Dilatation Disease |
| Define gnotobiology. | study of animals or other organisms raised in environments free of germs; those which contain only specifically known germs. Scientists compare gnotobiotic animals with ordinary animals whose bodies carry many germs, like bacteria, viruses and parasites. |
| Where are axenic animals kept? | In barrier facilities because they are germ free |
| What are some examples of behaviors in birds? | wag tail when happy, poop alot, regurgitate food for owner, hold food with feet |
| What stimulates a sexual reaction in birds by the owner? | rubbing their backs |
| Where are microchips inserted in birds? | pectoral muscle |
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spoitevint
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