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Medical Terminology
Week 2 - Anatomical Terms for Various Species
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| barrel | capacity of the chest or trunk |
| bars | raised V-shaped structure on distal surface of hoof |
| cannon bone (aka: shin bone) | third metacarpal (metatarsal) of the horse |
| cheek | fleshy portion of either side of the face; forms the sides of the mouth and continues rostrally to the lips |
| chest | part of the body between the neck and abdomen; the thorax |
| chestnuts | horny, irregular growths on the medial surface of the equine leg; in the front legs, the chestnuts are just above the knee; in the rear legs, the chestnuts are near the hock |
| coffin joint | distal interphalangeal joint (joint between the short pastern and coffin bones) in ungulates |
| corners | third incisors of equine |
| coronary band (aka: coronet) | junction between the skin and the horn of the hoof |
| crest | roof of the mane |
| croup | muscular area around and above the tail base |
| cutters | second incisors of equin |
| dock | solid part of the equine tail |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus, proximal radius and proximal ulna |
| ergot | small keratinized mass of horn in a small bunch of hair on the palmar or plantar aspects of the equine fetlock |
| fetlock | area of the limb between the pastern and the cannon |
| fetlock joint | metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint (joint between the cannon bone and long pastern bone) in ungulates |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| forelock | in maned animals, the most cranial part of the mane hanging down between the ears and onto the forehead |
| frog | V-shaped pad of soft horn between the bars on the sole of the equine hoof |
| gaskin (aka: crus) | muscular portion of the hindlimb between the stifle and hock |
| heart girth | circumference of the chest just caudal to the shoulders and cranial to the back |
| heel | caudal region of the hoof that has an area of soft tissue called the bulb |
| hock | tarsal joint |
| hoof | hard covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hoof wall | hard, horny outer layer of the covering of the digit in ungulates |
| knee | carpus in ungulates |
| loin | lumbar region of the back between the thorax and pelvis |
| mane | region of long, coarse hair at the dorsal border of the neck and terminating at the poll |
| muzzle | two nostrils (including the skin and fascia) and the muscles of the upper and lower lip |
| nippers | central incisors of equine |
| paralumbar fossa | hollow area of the flank whose boundaries are the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae (dorsally), the last rib (cranially) and the thigh muscles |
| pastern | area of the limb between the fetlock and hoof |
| pastern joint | proximal interphalangeal joint (joint between the long and short pastern bones) in ungulates |
| poll | top of the head; occiput; nuchal crest |
| quarter | lateral or medial side of the hoof |
| shoulder | region around the large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| sole | palmar and plantar surface of the hoof; irregular crescent-shaped bottom of hoof |
| stifle joint | femorotibial and femoropatellar joint in quadrupeds |
| tail | caudal part of the vertebral column extending beyond the trunk |
| tail head | base of the tail where it connects to the body |
| teat | nipple of mammary gland |
| toe | cranial side of hoof |
| udder | mammary gland |
| white line | fusion between the wall and sole of the hoof |
| withers | region over the dorsum where the neck joins the thorax and where the dorsal margins of the scapular lie just below the skin |
| brisket | mass of connective tissue, muscle and fat covering the cranioventral part of the ruminant chest between the forelegs |
| cannon bone (aka: shin bone) | third and fourth metacarpal (metatarsal) of the ruminant (not commonly used) |
| coffin joint | distal interphalangeal joint (joint between the short pastern and coffin bones) in ungulates |
| crest | dorsal margin of the neck |
| dewclaw | accessory claw of the ruminant foot that projects caudally from the fetlock |
| dewlap | loose skin under the throat and neck, which may become pendulous in some breeds |
| dock | solid part of the tail |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus, proximal radius and proximal ulna |
| fetlock joint | metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint (joint between the cannon bone and the long pastern bone) in ungulates |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| forearm | part of the foreleg supported by the radius and ulna, between the elbow and the knee |
| forehead | region of the head between the eyes and ears |
| heart girth | circumference of the chest just caudal to the shoulders and cranial to the back |
| heel | caudal region of the hoof that has an area of soft tissue called the "bulb" |
| hock | tarsal joint |
| hoof | hard covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hoofwall | hard, horny outer layer of the covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hooks | protusion of the wing of the ilium on the dorsolateral area of ruminants |
| knee | carpus in ungulates |
| loin | lumbar region of the back, between the thorax and pelvis |
| muzzle | two nostrils (including the skin and fascia) and the muscles of the upper and lower lip |
| paralumbar fossa | hollow area of the flank whose boundaries are the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae (dorsally), the last rib (cranially) and the thigh muscles (caudally) |
| pastern joint | proximal interphalangeal joint (joint between the long and short pastern bones) in ungulates |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| pins | protrusion of the ischium bones just lateral to the base of the tail in ruminants |
| poll | top of the head; occiput; nuchal crest |
| quarter | one of the four glands in the cow's udder |
| shoulder | region around the large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| sole | palmar or plantar surface of the hoof; bottom of hoof |
| stifle joint | femorotibial and femoropatellar joint in quadrupeds |
| switch | tuft of hair at the end of the tail |
| tail | caudal part of the vertebral column extending beyond the trunk |
| tail head | base of the tail where it connects to the body |
| teat | nipple of the mammary gland |
| toe | cranial end of the oof |
| udder | mammary gland |
| brisket | mass of connective tissue, muscle, and fat covering the cranioventral part of the ruminant chest between the forelegs |
| cannon bone (aka: shin bone) | third and fourth metacarpal (metatarsal) of the ruminant (not commonly used) |
| chine | thoracic region of the back |
| coffin joint | distal interphalangeal joint (joint between the short pastern and coffin bones) in ungulates |
| crest | dorsal margin of the neck |
| dewclaw | accessory claw of the ruminant foot that projects caudally from the fetlock |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus, proximal radius and proximal ulna |
| fetlock joint | metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint (joint between the cannon bone and the long pastern bone) in ungulates |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| forearm | part of the foreleg supported by the radius and ulna, between the elbow and knee |
| forehead | region of the head between the eyes and ears |
| heart girth | circumference of the chest just caudal to the shoulders and cranial to the back |
| heel | caudal region of the hoof that has an area of soft tissue called the "bulb |
| hock | tarsal joint |
| hoof | hard covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hoofwall | hard, horny outer layer of the covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hooks | protrusion of the wing of the ilium on the dorsolateral area of ruminants |
| horn butt | poll region between the eyes and ears of previous horn growth |
| knee | carpus in ungulates |
| pastern joint | proximal interphalangeal joint (joint between the long and short pastern bones) in ungulates |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| pins | protusion of the ischium bones just lateral to the base of the tail in ruminants |
| poll | top of the head; occiput; nuchal crest |
| rump | sacral to tailhead region of the back |
| shoulder | region around the large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| sole | palmar or plantar surface of the hoof; bottom of hoof |
| stifle joint | femorotibial and femoropatellar joint in quanrupeds |
| tail | caudal part of the vertebral column extending beyond the trunk |
| tail head | base of the tail where it connects to the body |
| teat | nipple of mammary gland |
| toe | cranial end of the hoof |
| udder | mammary gland |
| wattle | appendages suspended from the head (usually under the chin) |
| withers | region over the dorsum where the neck joins the thorax and where the dorsal margins of the scapula lie just below the skin |
| brisket | mass of connective tissue, muscle and fat covering the cranioventral part of the ruminant chest between the forelegs |
| cannon bone (aka: shin bone) | third and fourth metacarpal (metatarsal) of the ruminant (not commonly used) |
| coffin joint | distal interphalangeal joint (joint between the short pastern and coffin bones) in ungulates |
| crest | dorsal margin of the neck |
| dewclaw | accessory claw of the ruminant foot that projects caudally from the fetlock |
| dock | solid part of the tail |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus, proximal radius and proximal ulna |
| fetlock joint | metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint (joint between the cannon bone and the long pastern bone) in ungulates |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| forearm | part of the foreleg supported by the radius and ulna, between the elbow and knee |
| forehead | region of the head between the eyes and ears |
| heart girth | circumference of the chest just caudal to the shoulders and cranial to the back |
| heel | caudal region of the hoof that has an area of soft tissue called the "bulb" |
| hock | tarsal joint |
| hoof | hard covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hoofwall | hard, horny outer layer of the covering of the digit in ungulates |
| knee | carpus in ungulates |
| loin | lumbar region of the back, between the thorax and pelvis |
| muzzle | two nostrils (including the skin and fascia) and the muscles of the upper and lower lip |
| paralumbar fossa | hollow area of the flank whose boundaries are the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae (dorsally), the last rib (cranially) and the thigh muscles (caudally) |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| poll | top of the head; occiput; nuchal crest |
| rump | sacral to tailhead region of the back |
| shoulder | region aruond the large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| sole | palmar or plantar surface of the hoof; bottom of hoof |
| stifle joint | femorotibial and femoropatellar joint in quadrupeds |
| tail head | base of the tail where it connects to the body |
| teat | nipple of mammary gland |
| toe | cranial end of the hoof |
| udder | mammary gland |
| coffin joint | joint between the short pastern and coffin bones in ungulates |
| dewclaw | accessory claw of the porcine foot that projects caudally from the fetlock |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus, proximal radius and proximal ulna |
| fetlock joint | metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint in ungulates |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| ham | musculature of the upper thigh |
| hock | tarsal joint |
| hoof | hard covering of the digit in ungulates |
| hoof wall | hard, horny outer layer of the covering of the digit in ungulates |
| jowl | external throat, especially when fat or loose skin is present |
| loin | lumbar region of the back, between the thorax and pelvis |
| pastern joint | joint between the long and short pastern bones in ungulates |
| rump | sacral to tailhead region of the back |
| shoulder | region around the large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| snout | upper lip and apex of the nose of swine |
| stifle joint | femorotibial and femoropatellar joint in quadrupeds |
| tail | caudal part of the vertebral column extending beyond the trunk |
| cheek | fleshy portion of either side of the face; forms the sides of the mouth and continues rostrally to the lips |
| chest (aka: thorax) | part of the body between the neck and abdomen |
| chin | rostroventral protrusion of the mandible |
| dewclaw | rudimentary first digit of dogs and cats |
| elbow | forelimb joint formed by distal humerus and proximal radius/ulna |
| flank | side of the body between the ribs and ilium |
| forehead | region of the head between the eyes and ears |
| hock | tarsal joint (aka: tarsus) |
| muzzle | two nostrils (including the skin and fascia) and the muscles of the upper and lower lip |
| pinna (aka: auricle) | projecting part of the ear lying outside the head |
| rump (aka: croup) | sacral to tailhead region of the back |
| shoulder | region around teh large joint between the humerus and scapula |
| tail | caudal part of the vertebral column extending beyond the trunk |
Created by:
mlmertens91
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