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Medical Terminology
Final Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abomasopexy | Surgical fixation of the abomasum of ruminants to the abdominal all |
| Alopecia | hair loss resulting in hairless patches or complete lack of hair (alopec/o = baldness) |
| Analgesic | Substance that relieves pain without affecting consciousness |
| Anastomosis | Surgical connection between two tubular or hollow structures |
| Anemia | blood condition of less-than-normal levels of red blood cells and/or hemoglobin |
| Ankylosis | Loss of joint mobility caused by disease, injury, or surgery (alkyl/o = bent or stiff) |
| Anorexia | Lack or loss of appetite |
| Anuria | complete suppression of urine production |
| Arteriosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the arteries |
| Arthralgia | joint pain |
| Ataxia | Lack of voluntary control of muscle movement, "wobbliness" |
| Atelectasis | incomplete expansion of the alveoli (collapse of a lung) |
| Blepharospasm | rapid, involuntary contractions of the eyelid |
| Borborygmus | Gas movements in the gastrointestinal tract that produces a rumbling noise |
| Brachygnathia | A shortened mandible, or a mandible that is under- shot (parrot mouth) |
| Bradycardia | Abnormally slow heartbeat |
| Canthus | The angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet (corner of the eye) |
| Cardiomyopathy | Disease of the heart muscle |
| Cataract | Cloudiness or opacity of the lens |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas |
| Coprophagia | ingestion of fecal materia |
| Cornea | provides most of the focusing power of the eye |
| Cryptorchidism | Developmental defect in which one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum |
| Cyanosis | Condition of blue discoloration |
| Cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| Dacryoadenitis | Inflammation of the lacrimal gland |
| Distal | means farthest from the midline or farthest from the beginning of a structure |
| Dolichocephalic | Dogs with narrow, long heads (collies and greyhounds) |
| Dyschezia | difficult defecating |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing or eating |
| Dysplasia | Abnormal growth or development of an organ or tissue or a cell |
| Dyspnea | Difficult or labored breathing |
| Dystocia | Difficult birth; female is having difficulty expelling the fetus |
| Ecchymoses | purplish non-elevated patch of bleeding into the skin (bruise) |
| Ectropion | eversion, or turning outward, of the eyelid |
| Electrocardiogram | (ECG/EKG) Record of the electrical activity of the heart |
| Emphysema | Chronic lung disease caused by enlargement of the alveoli or changes in the alveolar wall |
| Encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord |
| Endosteum | tough, fibrous tissue that forms the lining of the medullary cavity |
| Enterostomy | surgical production of an artificial opening between the small intestine and abdominal wall |
| Epiphora | Excessive tear production |
| Epistaxis | Nosebleed |
| Erythema | skin redness |
| Gastrostomy | surgical production of an artificial opening between the stomach and abdominal wall |
| Gastrotomy | surgical incision into the stomach |
| Gingivitis | inflammation of the gums |
| Glossitis | inflammation of the tongue |
| Hematuria | Blood in urine |
| Hemiparesis | Weakness on one side of the body |
| Hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver |
| Pyothorax | Accumulation of pus in the chest cavity |
| Hernia | Protrusion of a body part through tissues that normally contain it |
| Hydro- | water |
| Hydrocephalus | Abnormally elevated amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain ("water on the brain") |
| Hyperesthesia | excessive sensitivity |
| Hypernatremia | excessive level of blood sodium |
| Hyperplasia | Abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in an organ or a tissue |
| Hypotension | Low blood pressure |
| Hysterectomy | surgical removal of the uterus |
| Infarct | Localized area of necrosis caused by an interrupted blood supply |
| Intussusception | Telescoping of one part of the intestine into an adjacent part |
| Ischemia | deficiency in the blood supply an area |
| Jaundice | yellow discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by elevated bilirubin levels, also called icterus |
| Laparotomy | surgical incision into the abdomen |
| Leukemia | Elevation in the number of malignant white blood cells; animals with leukemia have extremely elevated total leukocyte counts. (malignant = cancerous) |
| Leukocytosis | Elevation in the number of white blood cells |
| Leukopenia | deficiency of white blood cells; sometimes called leukocytope |
| Lingual surface | the aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue |
| Lipoma | Benign growth of fat cells; also called fatty tumor (commonly seen in older dogs) |
| Lithotripsy | destruction of stone using ultrasonic waves traveling through water (-tripsy = crush) |
| Lymph | lymph vessels, fluid and nodes |
| Lymphocytosis | Elevated numbers of lymphocytes in the blood |
| Mammary glands | Milk-producing glands in females (number of mammary glands varies with species) |
| Mastectomy | surgical removal of the breast or mammary gland |
| Mastication | Chewing; makes food easier to swallow by breaking it into smaller pieces and by increasing the surface area of food particles or ingesta |
| Mastitis | Inflammation of the mammary gland(s) |
| Meatus | passage or opening |
| Melanoma | tumor or growth of pigmented skin cells (malignant melanoma = can of the pigmented skin cells) |
| Microcephaly | abnormally small skull |
| Microphthalmia | abnormally small eyes |
| Necrosis | Tissue death |
| Nephritis | Inflammation of the kidney's |
| Oliguria | scanty or little urine |
| Oncology | the study, diagnosis, and treatment of tumors |
| Onychectomy | surgical procedure to remove the claws (de-claw) |
| Osteomalacia | Abnormal softening of the bone |
| Osteosarcoma | malignant neoplasm composed of bone (bone tumor) |
| Otitis | Inflammation of the ear |
| Otoplasty | surgical repair of the ear |
| Pathogenic | bacteria producing disease |
| Pharyngitis | Inflammation of the throat |
| Pollakiuria | frequent urination |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst or drinking |
| Proptosis | displacement of the eye from the orbit |
| Pruritus | itching |
| Rhinoplasty | Surgical repair of the nose (nose job) |
| Spondylosis | any degenerative disorder of the vertebrae |
| Stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth |
| Tenesmus | Painful, ineffective defecation or urination |
| Trichobezoar | Hairball |
Created by:
CedarBrooke
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