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Beef's Infectious Dx

VME 4103

QuestionAnswer
The most common viral diseases challenges to the beef herd: (4) Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (IBR); Bovine Virus Diarrhea (BVD); Parainfluenza Virus- 3 (PI-3); ovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), all are associated with BRD in beef cattle.
To create disease, there must be interaction between 3 components: the host, the environment and the agent
BRD is known as... Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex; also known as shipping fever a disease complex with a multitude of factors and etiologies
BRD is the #? Cattle health problem in beef cattle; caused by... #1 cattle health problems; casued by infectious agents and stress
Facotrs to take in when dealign with BRD (Bovine Respiratory Disease) are: infectious agents, stress (transportations, commingling, weaning, weather change); Immune Status of individuals and herd; nutrition and biosecurity of facility.
BHV 1 is.. and comes in ? types Bovine herpes virus, with 3 subtypes BHV 1.1- Repsiratory disease IBR in feedlots, 1.2- genital infections, 1.3- encephalitis
IBR stands for ... and is more commonly called -------. It is highly infectious and contagious, caused by ?. IBR stands for Infectious Bovine Rhino tracheitis, it is more commonly called rednose. stems from BHV 1
IBR/BHV 1 is a --- based virus, causing respiratory infections primarily a disease of cattle but also found in .. Spread by ... IBR (Infectious Bovine Rhino Tracheitis) is a DNA based virus, causing infectious in deer, goats and pigs and spread by nasal (or eye) discharge as well as aerosol (coughing respiratory)
BHV 1 causes problems because it can be a ------- infection. Latent infections, once animal is infected with the virus it is possible the virus may remain in the animal for the rest of its life without showing signs of illness. Also can reinfect.
Incubation period for the disease is 3 to 7 days.
Clinical signs of IBR are: eye and nasal discharge, inflamed nose (Rednose), and respiratory distress. Elevated temp (104-106), decreased milk production and complications
Reproductive form is ---- and causes.. Its treatment is ... BHV 1.2, abortions in the second half of the pregnancy usually with a retained placenta. Tx is uncomplicated and mostly just supportive therapy
IBR control can be effective with 4 things- Vaccination Programs- doesn't proect against latency or reactivation; Herd Biosecruity- isolate newbies, limit visitors, purchase from known herds, isolate show animals; Colostrum general protects calves for first 4 mo; intranasal vaccines available
BVD is Bovine Viral Diarrhea
BVD (Bovine Viral Diarrhea) is caused by a .... which is a ... pestivirus, a single stranded RNA virus, easily and rapidly mutates with two genotypes having over a 1000 strains.
There are ? biotypes of BVD (Bovine Viral Diarrhea) based on tissue culture they are.. two; cytopathic (causes severe damage to tissue in culture cells and complete destruction with 48-72 hours) and non cytopathic ( causes no cell damage) aka the bad one with damage and the good one with no damage, however both strains are virulent
Noncytopathic (NCP) virus of BVD is the ... and is the only biotype that can cross... wild viral type; can cross the placenta and establish a persistent fetal infection.
Pathogenesis (Def) the way in which a microorganism causes disease in its host
Physiologic (Def) normal as opposed the pathological, denoting the various vital processes
Pathogen organism capable of causing disease
Disease syndromes associated with BVD are None; respiratory disease; Hemorrhagic syndrome caused by hemorrhages throughout the GI Tract with large amounts of blood clotted in the intestinal lumen; Fatal mucosal disease and you have repro problems (abortions, still births, congenital defects)
BVD is a an -------- of innate and acquired, it suppresses: immonosuppressive. It suppresses- T cells, macrophage function, monocytes.
Cattle with non-cytopathic virus will ... shed large numbers of BVD throughout their life and are considered the primary reservoir for BVDV in both cow herds and feelots.
Mucosal Disease is seen in PI animals that are later exposed to a ---- --- and break with ... Seen in persitently infected animasl that are later exposed to cytopathic virus break with mucosal disease from a few days to a month later, they wont respond to treatment and acute MD animal with die with 3-10 days chronic cases will live on for months
Hemorrhagic Syndroe is caused by ... Signs are ... by type 2 noncytopathic virus, sigs are hemorraging through the GI tract. Often animals are fond dead.
#1 Rule out for BVD is foot and mouth disease
Control of BVD in a herd identify sick animals and eliminate- can't sell must be culled. Instigate Biosecurity measurements.
BRSV stands for and is a virus named because of its characteristic cytopathic effect- Bovine Repsiratory Syncitial Virus; its named for its characteristic cytopathic effect the formation of syncytial cells, associated with the killing of mucosal cells which results in the formation of giant multinucleated cells (known as syncytia)
Clinical Signs for BRSV (Bovine Repsiratory Syncitial Virus) are: mild or invisible; severe form can be depression, cough, nasal discharge or secondary pneumonia. Bottle jaw or fluid accumulation, and dyspnea can be pronounce in the later stages.
AIP stands for ... , its etiology is ... and is often seen in ...LIkened to fog fever with similar clinical signs. Thats awesome now what's fog fever? :( Atypical Intersitial Pneuonia (AIP) has an etiology thats unkown, an is most often seen in feed lot cattle that are already dead. Ironically its usually seen in the animals that are doing the best.
PI3 is an enveloped single stranded --- ----------, Usually associated with midl to subclinical infections. The most important role of PI-3 is to serve as an ... RNA paramyxovirus (wonder what that is? lol). It serves as an intiatrot that can lead to the development of secondary bacterial pneumonia (I fail to see how thats a good thing), it destroys the cilia of the tracheal mucosa. Fatalities are rare
PI3 vaccines are included with ... IBR vaccines
Created by: kccroy
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