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NHP, Lab, Intro
NHP, Lab, Intro - VTT 232
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A _________ facility has animal rooms that open directly onto a central corridor. | Conventional |
| ___________ facilities prevent cross contamination with unidirectional traffic flow. | Double-corridor |
| What facility houses germ-free animals and requires shower and sterile clothing to enter? | Barrier |
| A facility that requires staff to shower also before exiting with disposable autoclaved clothing to house zoonotic animals is called what? | Containment facility |
| Animals must have __ to __ air changes per hour. | 10 to 15 |
| How many hours of light must lab animals have? | 12 hours |
| What are some caging materials? | Stainless steel, aluminum, plastic |
| What types of plastic are used? | Polycarbonate (clear), polypropylene (opaque) |
| A ________ animal has unknown or undefined microflora. | Conventional |
| A ________ _________ animal is axenic (no microflora in or on them) and germ free. | Defined flora |
| A _______ animal has well-defined microflora. | Gnotobiotic |
| Animals we know to not have something are _____ ______ _____. | Specific pathogen free |
| What defines the order of Rodentia? | Gnawing |
| What is a Mus Misculus? | Mouse |
| Animal dealers must be licensed by the _____ and adhere to AWA standards. | USDA |
| Purpose-bred animals must come from a USDA class ___ license. | A |
| Animals from shelters are called class ___ dealers. | B |
| What does Anthropoidea (simians) includes? | Lesser and great apes, humans, new and old world primates |
| What are the most common great ape? | Chimpanzees |
| Chimpanzees are closely related to humans on a ________ level. | Molecular |
| Brains of _________ monkeys are organized similarly to humans. | Rhesus |
| Are macacas old or new world primates? | Old |
| Spider monkeys are used for ______ research. | Malaria |
| What characteristics do new world primates have? | Round skull, prehensile tail |
| What characteristics do old world primates have? | Open down nasal passages, cheek pouches, flat skull, prominent brows, ischial callosities |
| Wild caught animals must be acclimated and quarantined for ___ days. | 60 |
| What are some environmental enrichments for primates? | Toys, foraging for food, socialization |
| What are some PPE used with primates? | Face shields or goggles, protective gloves, arm covers |
| What are some restraint techniques? | Chemical, training, collar and pole, manual, squeeze cage |
| What is the most common site of primate blood draw? | Femoral vein |
| Where is a TB test done in apes to minimize handling? | Upper eyelid |
| _________/diarrhea is common among primate colonies, caused typically by bacteria. | Gastroenteritis |
| _______ diseases, like gastroenteritis, is also common with primate colonies. | Respiratory |
| What non-zoonotic diseases are common with primates? | Filovirus (ebola), retroviruses (SIV), malaria (species specific) |
| The rhesus monkey is scientifically called ______________. | Macaca mulatta |
| What are the suborders of NHP? | Prosimians, anthropoidea |
| The chimpanzee is scientifically called _________________. | Pan troglydites |
| The ____ was created to make a national plan for use of monkeys. | IPSC |
| Squirrel monkeys are used for _____________. | Anteriosclerosis |
| The only euthanasia method for NHPs is _______. | Injection |
| What causes oral ulcers in people that can kill primates? | Herpes hominis |
| What is the government agency that oversees the use of animals in an educational or research institution? | USDA |
| Who has published the Guide for Care and use of Lab Animals? | ILAR |
| What is the institutional group that evaluates animal use and inspects facilities? | IACUC |
| What is the group that provides voluntary accreditation of biomedical facilities? | AAALAC |
| What is research directed toward specific objectives such as new drug development? | Applied research |
| Procedures that cause least stress, pain and anxiety (least impact on the animal) are called ________. | Refinement |
| The use of fish and plants in research is an example of _________. | Replacement |
| Who board certifies veterinarians who have reached the highest degree of proficiency in lab animal medicine? | ACLAM |
| What is the minimum membership of an IACUC? | 3 (public person, vet, chair) |
| The two most active animal liberation groups in the US are ______ and _______. | PETA, ALF |
| No ______ alternatives to animal research exist. | Complete |
| What are the goals of bio-medical research? | A&P knowledge, examine disease process, control and treatment of disease |
| What factors influence outcomes of a research study? | Intrinsic, extrinsic, dietary, experimental |
| ________ means originating in the body. | Intrinsic |
| What are intrinsic factors? | Species, age, gender, genetics |
| _________ means outside the body. | Extrinsic |
| What are some extrinsic factors? | Ventilation, lighting, noise, humidity, environmental temperature |
| What are some dietary factors? | Quality, amount availability, container cleanliness |
| Experimental factors include what? | Surgical procedures, restraint, medications |
| Specific guidelines are mandated by places like the ____, that fund research. | NIH |
| When labelled as "not tested on animals", every _________ is tested still even if the actual product has not been. | Ingredient |
| What country has completely banned animal research? | Nazi Germany |
| The ______ _______ _____ governs sale, handling, transport, care, education, research and exhibition. | Animal Welfare Act (AWA) |
| The Animal Welfare Act applies to all warm blooded animals except ______________________. | Farm animals and horses, birds, rats and mice if purpose bred, cold-blooded animals |
| Who enforces the AWA? | USDA |
| ________ is a part of USDA that annually inspects facilities. | APHIS (Animal and Plant Health and Inspection Service) |
| The ____ can remove products from the market if product safety cannot be determined. | EPA |
| The ____________ funds as well as conducts biomedical research. | National Institute of House (NIH) |
| What are the 3 R's? | Reduction, refinement, replacement |
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