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Cells
Cell vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Centrioles | structures that function in cell reproduction |
| Cilia | hairllike extensions on the surface of those cells capable of movement |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | membrane network of "roads" and "channels" that wind through cytoplasm |
| Flagella | A sperm cell's "tail" |
| Golgi bodies | sacs that make and transport carbohydrate compounds |
| lysosomes | the cells "digestive system" |
| mitiochondria | "power plants" that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy |
| Ribosomes | "protein factories" that make proteins |
| anabolism | the building metabolic phase; grows, maintains, and repairs body structures |
| biology | the study of life and life processes |
| catabolism | the breaking down metabolic phase; producing energy from food and oxygen |
| chromosomes | short, tightly-coiled rods that contain genes |
| CYT/O- | cell |
| cytoplasm | substance between plasma membrane and nucleus of all cells |
| DNA | deocyribonucleic acid, the chemical genes are made of |
| genes | regions of DNA organized within the body's "blueprints" |
| KARY/O- | nucleus |
| karyoplasm | substance of nucleus |
| karyotype | picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell |
| metabolism | the chemical processes by which cells obtain and use energy |
| nucleus | spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production, controls transport, metabolism, growth and heredity |
| organelles | structures within cytoplasm |
| -PLASM | formative, formed material |
| plasma membrane | the outside boundry of the cell |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid, needed for production of protein within cells |
| tissue fluid | salt water solution that bathes every cell in the body |
| cells | the basic structural unit of living organisms |
| What do muscle cells look like? | long and skinny |
| What do epithelial cells look like? | squarish and flat |
| What do nerve cells look like? | roots or tenticles |
| What do fat cells look like? | blobs |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water across cell membranes |
| diffusion | allowing only beneficial substances into the cell, and waste products out |
| What are 3 types of muscle tissue? | Voluntary or Stirated, involuntary or smooth, cardiac |
| Voluntary or Stirated muscle tissue | controlled by conscious effort, such as arms and legs |
| Involuntary or smooth muscle tissue | works without conscious effort, controlled by the nervous system and keeps automatic systems (digestive) moving |
| Cardiac muscle tissue | specialized form of involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart |
| Epithelial tissue | Skin. Formed from the epithelial cells, also covers organs, lines body cavities, forms portions of some ducts and glands |
| Connective tissue | a fibrous tissue to connect or support other body structures |
| Name 6 connective tissues | fat, cartilage, bone, blood vessels, scar tissue, and fascia |
| Fascia | a connective tissue that forms a membrane to invest or surround muscles and organs to separate and support them |
| Nerve tissue | extends throughout the body to send messages to and from the brain |
Created by:
Tonia Joyce
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