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Frosh Dairy quiz
Dairy cattle
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Mature male | Bull |
Mature female | Cow |
Young male | Bull calf |
Young female | Heifer |
Young of either sex | Calf |
Latin name | Bovine |
Parturition | Calving/freshening |
Gestation length | 9 months |
Average birth weight | 80 to 100 lbs |
Weaning age | 2 months |
Age at first calving | 2 years |
Dehorning | The process of removing the horns |
When dehorning is performed | Before weaning |
The goal of dairy cattle | To have one calf every 12 months |
Top 5 dairy producing states | California, Wisconsin, Idaho, New York, Pennsylvania |
The number of dairy cows in the US | 9 million |
The number of dairy farms in Connecticut | 160 |
Name some dairy products! | Cheese, yogurt, ice cream, gelato, milk, cream cheese, cottage cheese, sour cream, butter |
This black and white breed breed comes from the Netherlands | Holstein |
This breed is the most popular breed, making up 90% of the nation's herd | Holstein |
This red and white breed comes from Scotland | Ayrshire |
This breed comes in various shades of brown or gray and has huge, dopey looking ears | Brown Swiss |
This breed comes from Switzerland | Brown Swiss |
This breed has fawn or orange and white markings | Guernsey |
This breed has golden milk because of beta carotene | Guernsey |
This breed comes from Britain's Guernsey Isles | Guernsey |
This breed ranges from light fawn to dark brown in color | Jersey |
This breed is the second most popular breed | Jersey |
This breed has the highest butterfat content | Jersey |
This breed comes from Britain's Isle of Jersey (not the Jersey Shore!!) | Jersey |
This breed comes in red, white, or roan | Milking Shorthorn |
This breed is a dual purpose breed that comes from England | Milking Shorthorn |
Two types of dairy housing | Tie stall & free stall |
Where cows are tied to individual stalls | Tie stall barn |
Cows are fed & milked in their individual stalls | Tie stall barn |
Cows are let out to exercise each day | Tie stall barn |
Housing where cows get more individual attention | Tie stall barn |
Usually a more labor intensive housing system | Tie stall barn |
Commonly used housing for herds that are 100 animals or fewer | Tie stall barn |
Housing where cows can roam freely | Free stall barn |
Cows are free to choose their own stall | Free stall barn |
Cows are milked in a milking parlor | Free stall barn |
Cows share a common feed bunk | Free stall barn |
Housing where cows get less individualized attention | Free stall barn |
Housing that is generally less labor intensive | Free stall barn |
Housing system that generally is used for herds that are 100 animals or larger | Free stall barn |
Lactation | Period of time when the cow is producing milk (usually 305 days) |
Dry period | 60 day resting period where the cow is't milked before calving |
Fresh cow | Cow that has recently calved |
Colostrom | Mom's first milk containing lots of antibiotics |
Calf hutches | Individual calf housing where calves are separated to prevent disease |
Haylage | Chopped up hay that is fermented & stored in a silo |
Corn silage | Chopped up corn plant that is fermented & stored in a silo |
Concentrates | Grain fed to cattle |
TMR | Total Mixed Rations. A balanced ration to maximize profit |
Roughages | Plant material that is high in fiber, such as hay, haylage, and corn silage |
Artificial Insemination (AI) | Modern method of breeding cows using frozen semen instead of a live bull |
Benefits of using AI | Genetic improvement, safer, cleaner, more accurate record keeping |
Purebred | Registered cows that have proof of ancestry & are worth more when sold |
Commercial | One or both parents are unregistered |
Pedigree | Record of ancestry |
Registration papers | Proof animal is a purebred |
Sire | Father |
Dam | Mother |
Cull | Removal from the herd |
Veal | Young bull calves raised for a few months for slaughter |
Pasteurization | Heating up the milk to high temperatures to kill bacteria |
Homogonization | Forcing milk through tiny screens to make the fat more uniform |
Created by:
smarcus