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DU PA Nep/Potas/Mine
Duke PA Potassium Homeostasis and Mineral Metabolism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| normal potassium levels | 3.4-5.5 |
| normal potassium intake __ mEq/day | 100 |
| how much potassium is in a medium bannana __ mEq | 8 |
| how much potassium is in the extracellular compartment __ mEq | 65 |
| how much potassium is in the intracellular space __ mEq | 3000-4000 |
| serum potassium of about 7-9 will lead to | peaked t waves |
| serum potassium of >= 10 will lead to | ventricular fibrillation |
| If the extracellular concentration of K+ increases from 4 meq/L to 6.5 meq/L, the membrane potential is reduced by roughly ___ | half |
| ___ doesn't change the level of K+ in the body but it does modify myocardial excitability | calcium chloride |
| ___ in the situation of hyperkalemia has an onset of 1-3 minutes and a duration of 30-60 minutes | calcium chloride |
| ___ in the situation of hyperkalemia, has an onset of 5-10 minutes and a duration of 2 hours | glucose and insulin |
| ___ increases intracellular uptake of potassium | glucose and insulin |
| ___ in the situation of hyperkalemia, has an onset of 30-40 minutes and a duration of 2-6 hours | albuterol, 1-2 neb treatments |
| ___ increases intracellular uptake of potassium | albuterol, 1-2 neb treatments |
| exchanges potassium for sodium | Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) |
| ___ in the situation of hyperkalemia, has an onset of 30-40 minutes and a duration of 6 hours | Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) |
| actually removes potassium | Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) |
| ultimate treatment for hyperkalemia | hemodialysis |
| major renal cause of hypokalemia | diuretics |
| major GI cause of hypokalemia | vomiting, diarrhea, tube drainage, laxative abuse |
| EKG changes with hypokalemia | subtle ST depression and U waves |
| Which is more dangerous in terms of cardiac arrhythmias: Hypokalemia or hyperkalemia | hyperkalemia |
| one of the most common causes of hypercalcemia | malignancy |
| int the setting of hypercalcemia in the primary care office the two most important things to do are | get a PTH level, and do a targeted malignancy screening |
| causes for hyperphosphatemia | ingestion, rhabdomyolysis, tumor-lysis syndrom, renal failure, hypoparathyroidism, acromegaly |
| treatment for hyperphosphatemia | bisphosphonates (alendronate, pamidronate), hemodialysis |
| hypophosphatemia=total PO4 <__ mg/dL | 2.3 |
Created by:
bwyche
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