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PHARM
Aspects
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | the study of drugs |
| Therapeutic Drug Monitoring | the proper timing of blood samples drawn to determine the serum concentration of a drug |
| Half Life | the time required for the serum concentration of the drug to decrease by 50% |
| Peak Serum Concentration | the point of max concentration of a drug |
| Therapeutic Window | the range of a drug serum concentration associated with a high degree of effectiveness and low risk of undesirable effects |
| Toxic Dose | dose greater than the upper limit of therapeutic range that causes toxic symptoms |
| LD50 | the dose that kills 50% of the animals tested |
| LD | legal dose |
| ED50 | the minimum dose required to cause the desired effect in 50% of animals tested |
| Absorbtion | how the drug enters the body |
| Distribution | how the drug reaches the target areas |
| Metabolism | how the drug is chemically altered |
| Biotransformation | the ability of a living organism to modify the chemical structure of drugs so that they are no longer active |
| Excretion | how the drug is removed from the body |
| Tablets | powder compressed into pills |
| Capsules | powders encased in gelatin |
| Chewables | Flavored tablets |
| Solutions | drugs dissolved in a liquid vehicle that does not settle out of its standing |
| Suspensions | contains drug particles, not disolved in a liquid vehicle that usually settle to the bottom` |
| Syrups | solutions of drugs with water and sugar |
| Elixers | solutions of drugs dissolved and sweetened |
| Tinctures | alcohol solutions meant for topical application |
| Liniments | drugs in an oil base that are rubbed into the skin |
| Lotions | drug suspensions or solutions that are dabbed, brushed or dipped onto the skin without rubbing |
| Ointments and Creams | designed to liquify at room temperature |
| Injectables | drugs administered with syring and needle |
| How much medication would 3mL syringe hold? | 3mL |
| How much medication would a 60mL syringe hold? | 60mL |
| Tuberculin Syringe | 1mL syringe |
| Insulin Syringe | only used for Insulin |
| Needles are labeled according to | size and length of the shaft |
| Gauge | the inside diameter of the shaft |
| An 18 guage needle is __________ than a 25 guauge | bigger |
| The ___________ the guage number the smaller the needle | larger |
| What are needles longer than 1 inch used for? | cystocentesis |
| SQ | subcutanious |
| ID | intradermal |
| IM | intramuscular |
| IV | intravcenous |
| Anesthetics | cause unconsiousness and insensitivity to feeling |
| Analgesics | take away perception of pain` |
| Tranquillizers | create state of relaxation and reduce anxiety |
| Sedatives | create a state of calm or sleepiness |
| Anticonvulsants | prevent or reduce seizure activity |
| Antiinflammatories | reduce inflammation |
| Diuretics | Increase urination |
| Paraciticide | kill parasites |
| Antibiotics | decrease or kill bacterial infections |
| Antifungals | decrease or kill fungal infections |
| Antineoplastics | decrease or kill neoplastic cells |
| Antipruritics | inhibit chemicals that cause itchiness |
| Anticoagulants | inhibits blood clotting formation |
| Psychotherapeutics | treat psychological disorders |
| Neutraceuticals | supplements that are not herbs and are not approved for use as drugs but are thought to convey therapeutic benifit |
| Prescription | an order from a licensed vet directing a pharmacist to prepare drug for use in a clients animal |
| OTC | over the counter |
| What are the 10 things required on a Px label? | practice info, prescribing vet, date, name of med, directions, expiration date, patient name, drug concentration, quantity of meds, DIN |
| What 3 things should you keep in mind when storing drugs? | temperature, light sensitivity, organization |
| Controlled Substance | substance with potential for physical, psychological addiction or abuse |
| How long do you have to fill a Px for a controlled substance? | 72 hours |
| Compounding | preparation of a drug product by mixing legally obtainable ingredients not listed as unapproved drugs for animals |
| What does the expiration date guarantee? | that no toxic by-products accumulate before completion of the drug regimen |
| Antimicrobials | drugs that kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa |
| NSAID | non-steroidal antiinflammatory medications |
| what are the NSAIDS not for use in animals? | aspirin, advil (ibuprofen), aleve (naproxen) and tylenol (acetaminophen) |
| Heart medications do 1 of what 4 things? | vasodilation, diuretic, positive inotropic agent, antiarrhythmic |
| Vasodilation | reduces BP |
| Emetics | drugs that induce vomiting |
| Antiemetics | drugs that prevent or decrease vomiting |
| Laxatives | pull water into the bowel lumen or retain water into the feces |
| Lubricants | make stool more slippery for easy passage |
Created by:
em.boudreau
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