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FINALS WEEK!!!! Study Guides Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Homeostasis? | equilibrium amoung the body systems |
| Which part of the sternum is most caudal? Manubrium or Xiphoid process? | xiphoid process |
| The right plantar surface of a dog would be found where? | right hind limb, bottom surface |
| Sebaceous gland excrete: | sebum |
| The growth of a hoof takes place where? | caronary band |
| The wall of a hoof is made from? | keratinized epithelial cells |
| Anatomy is the study of? | structure or parts of the body |
| Physiology is the study of? | body functions |
| The dorsal body cavity contains? | brain, spinal cord; central nervous system |
| Blood vessels are found in what layer of skin? | dermis |
| Transitional cells are the only cells that have the ability to? | stretch |
| Name the four levels of cell organization? | cell, tissue, organ, systems |
| Microscopes should be cleaned with alachol. True or False? | false |
| Which one is larger? Mite or Tick? | tick |
| What is one sign that a pet may have tape worms? | rice like segments in the poop |
| Tapeworms come from? | fleas |
| Name three items of personal protection that should be worn in the laboratory? | gloves, goggles, apron |
| Which objective lens is the scanning lens on a microscope? | 4x |
| which objective lens is the high dry lens? | 40x |
| The total magnification of an object is the combination of the objective lens and the eyepiece. True or False | true |
| On a microscope, the course objective is only used on what magnification lens? | 4x |
| Which burrowing parasite, even at heavy infestations, does not usually cause pruritus? | demodex |
| A definitive host harbors the adult stage of the parasite. True or False? | true |
| Which type of parasite resides on the surface of the host? | ectoparasite |
| Pediculosis is an infestation of which parasite? | lice |
| Tetanus is spread through contaminated? | soil |
| Fleas are intermediate hosts for which parasite? | tapeworm |
| Walking dandruff is also known as? | cheyletiella |
| Heartworm is carried by which insect? | mosquito |
| Ascarid is another name for what parasite? | roundworm |
| Which joint is similar to the knee in humans? | stifle |
| Adduction moves a limb? | toward the midline or body |
| Which bones are found in the antebrachuim? | ulna and radius |
| Tendons connect? | muscle to bone |
| Ligaments connect? | bone to bone |
| What joint is also known as the scapulohumeral joint? | Shoulder joint |
| Osteo refers to? | bone |
| Myo refers to? | muscles |
| Arthro refers to? | joints |
| What type of injection would be given in the lumbar muscles? | intramuscular (IM) |
| What is a foramen? | opening in bone that allows tissue to pass through |
| What does the biceps brachium do? | decreases the angle of the elbow joint, flexes the arm |
| When preparing a direct smear, which liquid is mixed with fecal material on the slide? | distilled water |
| Giardia trophozoites as seen under which magnification? | 4x |
| Trematodes are also known as? | flukes (flatworms) |
| Fluke eggs as usually identified as a result of what fecal testing process? | centrifugal |
| Name three methods of fecal analysis? | direct smear, simple float, centrifuge float |
| Spongy, light bone is called? | cancellous bone |
| Dense, heavy bone is called? | compact bone |
| Osteoblasts are responsible for? | creating bone, bone formation |
| Name four shapes of bone? | long, short, irregular, flat |
| Diseases with confirmed diagnoses that must be reported to local, state or federal health authorities are called what kind of disease? | reportable disease |
| Rabies is spread through which bodily fluid? | saliva |
| What is the goal of a veterinary assistant in the laboratory? | insure the results are accurate, precise and reliable |
| What must be done before moving from oil immersion lens to an objective lens? | clean off the oil |
| What do veins have in them that arteries do not? | one-way valves |
| Using an automated blood analyzer eliminates the need for evaluating blood under a microscope. True or False? | false |
| Anemia is an abnormally low number of circulating? | red blood cells |
| What are the two divisions of the circulatory system? | blood vascular and lymphatic |
| The integumentary system includes what structures? | skin, hair, nails, hoofs, horns, feathers |
| The feet, claws and beak of a bird are composed of what? | bone, and keratinized epithelial cells |
| Leukemia causes an increase in what? | abnormal leukocytes (white blood cells) |
| What solutions can be used to prepare a direct fecal smear? | distilled water or saline |
| An erythrocyte is what? | red blood cell |
| Is a gram stain a differential stain or a simple stain? | differential |
| Name three zoonotic diseases that are transmitted by contaminated water? | giardia, cryptosporidiosis, coccidiosis |
| Microsporum canis causes what? | ringworm |
| Which vein is commonly used to place IV catheters? | sephalic vein |
| Cardiomyopathy affects what? | heart muscle; it is the disease of heart muscle |
| After blood is centrifuged, the liquid portion at the top is known as? | serum |
| Leukopenia is? | deficiency of white blood cells |
| If you are viewing an animal from the craniocaudal position, how are you viewing them? | head to tail |
| Blood flowing from the right ventricle of the heart is flowing through the pulmonary artery and toward the? | lungs |
| Is the distal portion of a tail toward the body or toward the tip? | toward the tip |
| Which two muscle tissues are striated and designed for strength in contraction? | skeletal and cardiac |
| What are the tissue types? | Epithelial, nervous, muscle, connective |
| "situated nearer to the central axis of the body relative to another body part" is the definition for which directional term? | proximal |
| Moving a limb toward the midline s known as? | Adduction |
| Does flexion increase or decrease the angle of a joint? | decrease |
| Infection with the larvae of Thelazia spp. causes? | verminous conjunctivitis |
| Blood urea nitrogen levels can be obtained by doing a CBC. True or False | False |
| The parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects? | cats and people |
| What is the normal PCV% for a dog? | 45% |
| What is a normal finding on a horse blood smear? | rouleaux |
| Agglutination means? | blood clumping of red blood cells |
| Eosinophils would be found during when? | allergies or parasitic infections |
| A purple top tube contains what anticoagulant? | ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) |
| Centesis is the clinical term for? | inserting a needle into a body cavity and withdrawing fluid |
| In felines an excessively high PCV is an indication of what? | dehydration |
| Which PPE should be used when handling an animal infected with ringworm? | gloves |
| Polled breeds of livestock are | livestock without horns |
| Another name for subcutaneous is? | hypodermis |
| The stifle joint is what type of joint? | synovial joint |
| circular skeletal muscle that can constricts or dilate at the end of a of a body | sphincter |
| What is the correct order of vertebrae from cranial to caudal? | cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal |
| The visceral organs are stimulated by what part of the nervous system? | autonomic |
| Which muscles aid in respiration? | intercostals, diaphragm |
| What magnification is used to identify the trophozoite or cyst stage of Giardia? | 40x |
| Nematodes are? | roundworms |
| Cestodes are?; | tapeworms |
| Mange is caused by what? | sarcoptes scabiei |
| A definitive host is? | adult stage of the parasite |
| Neutrophils are best examined under what lens of the microscope? | 40x |
| Inflammation is ? | tissue swelling normally accompying by pain |
| Infection is? | invasion of pathogenic organisms on or with the body |
| What is present is plasma that is not present in serum? | fibrogens; clotting factors |
| What sterile tube is the best one to use for sending a sterile urine sample to the lab? | red top tube |
| Name the two layers, or phases of blood? | liquid and cellular |
| Red blood cells lose their? | nucleus |
| All cells start from what kind of cells? | stem cell |
| A refractometer is used to measure what? | total protein |
| Urine sediment should be stained to improve visualization of cellular matter. True or False? | true |
| Cytology is the study of? | cells |
| Histopathology is the study of? | diseased tissue |
| Cocci are what shape? | round |
| Baccilli are what shape? | rods |
| Another word for platelet is? | thrombocytes |
| Name the five types of white blood cells? | basophil, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocyte, eosinophil |
| An attenuated vaccine is also known as a modified live vaccine. True or False? | True |
| A gram stain is what kind of stain? | differential stain |
| The specific gravity of a liquid is measured against the weight/concentration of what? | distilled water |
| What is the role of neutrophil? | phagocytize microorganisms |
| The larvae of Thelazia causes a condition known as? | eye worms |
| The granules in a basophil contain what two things? | heptamine & histamine |
| What shape are red blood cells? | concave |
| A purple top tube is used for what blood tests? | CBC and platelet counts |
| A red top tube contains what anti-coagulant? | none |
| A systemic infection would be indicated by an elevated number of which two white blood cells? | neutrophils and monocytes |
| Urine with a low specific gravity, but normal kidney values would indicate what? | dilute urine |
| Creatinine levels are evaluated to determine the function of what organ? | kidneys |
| PCV values may be elevated if a pet is? | dehydrated |
| Serum total protein is measured with what instrument? | refractometer |
| Increased plasma protein levels indicate what? | dehydration |
| Agglutination is? | clumping of red blood cells |
| Hemoglobin is? | oxygen carrying protein of the blood |
| Mean corpuscular value, or MCV, is the measurement of what? | average size of the red blood cells |
| Tests for amylase and lipase would be used to evaluate the function of what organ? | pancreas |
| ALT, or alanine aminotransferase, is a test to evaluate the function of what organ? | liver |
| Bile acid is formed in what organ? | liver |
| Gram negative organisms will appear what color? | pink |
| The noncellular portion of blood that still contains fibrin is? | plasma |
| The liquid portion of blood that remains after centrifugation is called? | serum |
| The best tube to use to send a urine sample to the lab is a? | red top tube |
| Best time to collect a urine sample is? | morning |
| The most sterile way to collect a urine sample is? | cystocentesis |
| When switching from an oil immersion lens to lower lens, the oil should be removed from the oil immersion lens and slide. True or False? | true |
| A symptom of Dirofilaria is? | coughing |
| Maintenance records of a refractometer are kept to record? | cleaning and calibration |
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