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VTNE 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Excess anticoagulant in a blood tube will | Affect red blood cells and white blood cells |
| What is the difference between a red-top Vacutainer and one with a mottled red-and-black top? | One contains serum separator gel and the other does not. |
| Which statement concerning EDTA is false? | It is the anticoagulant of choice for blood gas analysis. |
| In which group of animals would you normally expect to find nucleated RBCs? | Parrot, turkey, iguana |
| Common blood collection sites in the avian patient are the | Jugular and cutaneous ulnar veins |
| Arterial blood is most commonly used for | Blood gases |
| When you view a specimen under a compound microscope using the 40× objective and a 10× ocular, the total magnification of the specimen being viewed is | 400× |
| Which Vacutainer tube does not need to be inverted after collection of a blood sample? | Red top |
| Nucleated erythrocytes are normally not found in which species? | Ovine |
| Which pair are both agranulocytes? | Lymphocytes and monocytes |
| The least common leukocyte found on a normal bovine differential count is a(n) | Basophil |
| Macrocytic anemia suggests | Regeneration |
| The bone marrow is not a major site of production for what cell type? | Lymphocytes |
| Looking under a microscope at a blood smear, you see erythrocytes that are elliptical, not nucleated, and lacking central pallor. This blood was most likely collected from a healthy adult | Llama |
| Erythrocyte life spans vary from species to species, but the average is generally considered to be | 120 days |
| The total white blood cell count of a healthy adult dog ranges from | 6000 to 17,000/μL |
| Under the microscope you observe a leukocyte that you identify as an eosinophil. The eosinophil cytoplasm contains numerous rod-shaped granules. This blood sample is most likely from a healthy adult | Cat |
| The leukocyte most commonly associated with parasitic and allergic conditions is the | Eosinophil |
| A common finding on a blood smear from an animal with autoimmune hemolytic anemia is | Spherocytes |
| What test is usually considered of little diagnostic value? | MCH |
| On a complete blood count (CBC), all of the following findings could be expected in a patient with an infection, except | Narrow buffy coat |
| An elevated hematocrit is most commonly associated with | Dehydration |
| The hematology analyzer is not functioning properly. A good mathematical method to estimate hemoglobin is | One third the PCV |
| Which erythrocyte count is within the normal reference range for a healthy adult cat? | 6,250,000/μL |
| RBC fragments, resulting from shearing of the red blood cells by intravascular trauma, are known as | Schistocytes |
| For which of the following is low-power magnification not used? | To estimate platelet numbers |
| Heinz bodies may be a normal finding in up to 5% of the erythrocytes in what species? | Cats |
| What characteristic is not found in toxic neutrophils? | Howell-Jolly bodies |
| What laboratory test evaluates primary hemostasis? | Buccal mucosal bleeding time |
| The erythrocyte precursor that has a round, dense to completely pyknotic nucleus is a | Metarubricyte |
| The precursor cell of a thrombocyte is a | Megakaryocyte |
| Secondary hemostasis refers to | The coagulation cascade |
| As an erythrocyte develops | The nuclear chromatin becomes denser. |
| When collecting blood for a coagulation profile, it is especially important to | Minimize vascular trauma during venipuncture |
| A good presurgical screening test for von Willebrand disease is a(n) | Buccal mucosal bleeding time |
| The veterinarian must be careful not to injure the sciatic nerve when performing a bone marrow aspirate from which of the following sites? | Proximal femur |
| Which intracellular parasite appears fairly large, paired, and teardrop-shaped when viewed microscopically? | Babesia canis |
| An intracellular parasite, which appears as a structure called morula, found in the cytoplasm of leukocytes, is | Ehrlichia |
| Physical signs of hypocoagulation include all of the following, except | Thromboembolism |
| The normal myeloid to erythroid ratio on a bone marrow smear is | 2:1 |
| A buffy coat examination for microfilaria can be made in conjunction with what other hematologic procedure? | Packed cell volume |
| What is a proper lens cleaner to use for the care and maintenance of a compound microscope? | Xylene |
| The ability of the renal tubules to concentrate or dilute a urine sample is assessed by what component of the urinalysis? | Specific gravity |
| The largest of the epithelial cells found in urine are the | Squamous epithelial cells |
| The most common uroliths found in feline and canine urine are | Struvite |
| The best method of urine collection to assess the patency of the urethra is | Catheterization |
| Which of the following statements regarding casts is false? | Casts dissolve in acidic urine. |
| What change would not be seen in stale urine? | Decrease in pH |
| Lipuria is seen most commonly in what species? | Cats |
| Bilirubinuria is considered a normal finding in what species? | Dogs |
| Sadie, a 17-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat, is in the final stages of chronic renal failure. On presentation, you expect to find that her urine specific gravity will probably be | 1.012 |
| Which of the following tests is considered accurate when using colorimetric dip sticks for biochemical testing? | pH |
| What method of urine sample collection would not be associated with traumatic hematuria? | Free catch |
| Casts associated with chronic, severe degeneration of the renal tubules that appear smooth and refractile with squared ends are casts. | Waxy |
| A normal adult horse would most likely have a urinary pH of | 7.5 |
| Ketonuria is most commonly associated with what condition? | Diabetes mellitus |
| Aged urine samples left at room temperature and exposed to UV light may cause a false negative result in which of the following biochemical tests? | Bilirubin |
| The best sample to examine for specific gravity of canine urine is the | First morning sample |
| Struvite crystals are composed of | Magnesium ammonium phosphates |
| Which statement regarding catheterization in female dogs is false? | Catheterization is often better tolerated by the dog than cystocentesis. |
| Urinary pH is not affected by the | Presence of crystals in the urine |
| The two most common problems encountered in samples to be evaluated for clinical chemistry are | Hemolysis and lipemia |
| Squamous epithelial cells are not normally seen in urine samples obtained by | Cystocentesis |
| Uric acid is the major nitrogenous waste in | Birds |
| Which of the following statements regarding creatinine is false? | It is a less reliable indicator of renal function than BUN. |
| A good initial urinary screening test for suspected Cushing disease is | Cortisol/creatinine ratio |
| Proteins that induce chemical changes in other substances but are not changed themselves are called | Enzymes |
| What biochemical tests are not considered part of a primary hepatic profile? | BUN and creatinine |
| The total serum protein is 7.3 g/dl and the albumin is 3.5 g/dl. What are the globulin value and the A/G ratio, respectively? | 3.8 g/dl, 0.92 |
| A fecal smear can be stained for fat. An increased amount of fat is indicative of | Steatorrhea |
| Which is the correct method to use when performing a serum bile acids assay? | Draw a blood sample on a fasting animal, feed the animal, and draw another sample 2 hours later. |
| The stain used to stain undigested fecal starch is | Lugol iodine |
| The current test of choice for evaluating liver function is | Bile acids |
| The main function of bicarbonate is to | Maintain balanced body pH levels |
| A box of reagents for blood chemistry analysis labeled for storage at 8° C should be stored | In the refrigerator |
| Phosphorus concentrations in the body are usually inversely related to the concentration of what substance? | Calcium |
| Cholesterol and triglycerides are plasma | Lipids |
| It is importance for the body to maintain the blood pH at a constant level to maximize function of all body systems. Normal blood pH is | 7.4 |
| Which squares of the Neubauer hemocytometer are used to count leukocytes? | All nine large squares |
| Which squares of the Neubauer hemocytometer are used to count platelets? | All 25 small squares of the central primary square |
| Heterophils in the avian species are the equivalent of the mammalian | Neutrophils |
| If eosinophil Unopettes are available, they can be used to indirectly determine the total count of avian | White blood cells |
| Kidney disease results in accumulation of metabolic waste in the blood, a condition known as | Azotemia |
| Prerenal azotemia refers to | Increases in BUN resulting from dehydration, shock, and/or decreased blood flow to the kidneys |
| What blood cell is also known as a PMN? | Neutrophil |
| The most common urine crystal seen in horses and rabbits is | Calcium carbonate |
| For determining specific gravity values, what is the order, from most reliable to least reliable method? | Refractometer, urinometer, reagent test strip |
| Which of the following crystals is most likely to be found in the urine of an animal with ethylene glycol toxicity? | Calcium oxalate |
| What species has multiple forms of reticulocytes? | Cat |
| Postrenal azotemia refers to | Increases in BUN resulting from an inability to urinate |
| A glucose tolerance test is used to help diagnose | Diabetes mellitus |
| Which white blood cell is known as “the first line of defense” after a microorganism has entered the body? | Neutrophil |
| The anticoagulant of choice for avian and reptile hematology is | Lithium heparin |
| Which of these tubes must never be placed on a blood rocker after being filled with blood? | Red top |
| Once blood has formed a clot, you can reverse this process by | There is no reversal |
| If you are unable to perform a CBC within 1 hour of blood collection, which of the following is the best method of preservation? | Refrigerate the sample |
| The mucin clot test is performed on | Joint fluid |
| If a 1:1 dilution of a serum sample is made before analyzing the serum chemistries, the results must be multiplied by | Two |
| Which of these is least likely to interfere with blood chemistry test results? | Fasting serum |
| Which of the following statements is true in regard to using hemolyzed serum in a dry chemistry analyzer? | Hemolyzed serum can falsely elevate some results. |
Created by:
Mnaumann
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