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Florist Definitions
Exam Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Scale | The relative ratio of the size of a composition to its surroundings |
| Proportion | The relationship of one part to another or one to the whole design |
| Balance | A state of equilibrium which is achieved when the components of a design are so composed that they give a feeling of stability and security |
| Unity | A oneness of purpose, thought, style and spirit |
| Opposition | The contrast that brings about contradictive design |
| Tension | An expressing action or force of energy within or upon a design component by the skillful use of contrast |
| Focal area | The area of greatest impact or weight, center of interest that attracts the eye |
| Dominance | The visual organization of a design that emphasizes one or more aspects |
| Rhythm | Visual movement of a design usually achieved by means of repetition or graduation |
| Accent | Detail added to a design to enhance interest and emphasize other elements |
| Emphasis | An area in a composition that is given importance to make it stand out |
| Transition | The easy visual movement that comes from the gradual degrees of change in line, form, color, space, pattern |
| Depth | The placement of materials as different levels in an arrangement |
| Variation | Basic similarity but with minor differences |
| Harmony | The aesthetic quality created through the pleasing interaction of a combination of components in a composition |
| Geometric design | A composition with definite geometric shape, composed of line, mass or line-mass concepts, with radial stem placement |
| Symmetrical triangle | A design that is formal, having perfect symmetry, repeating the elements of the design on both sides and equally distributed about the center axis |
| Oval | A basic round design with extended flower length and space |
| Hogarth curve | Equally balanced with continuing / repetitive lines and materials used for an S shape |
| Asymmetrical triangle | A design that is less formal containing extended lines and perfect balance |
| Round | A popular contemporary design exhibiting symmetrical balance and radial stem placement, exhibiting obvious structure, great depth and open space |
| Crescent | Design lines that radiate from a point of the circumference of the circle forming a semi-circle creating motion and conforming to the container |
| Formal linear | An asymmetrically balanced design of interesting materials each of which is few in number and usually grouped, that emphasizes forms and lines |
| High style | A catch all word that includes almost any modern design that has strong lines, forms and colors |
| Design | That quality of unique charm, taste and originality that all designers strive to achieve |
| Individuality | How a designer expresses personality, style, color selection and appreciation of materials used |
| Originality | How a designer reflects creative thinking, imagination and a vision of interpretation |
| Composition | A grouping of various parts to make a design |
| Suitability | A state of being appropriate to the circumstances of a design. It is determined by how it fits the results that the designer is trying to accomplish |
| Line | A visual path the eye follows to produce motion. It provides the skeletal pattern of the design and must never be broken |
| Form | The shape or contour of the individual components in a composition |
| Space | The element of design that we think of as open areas around individual components in a composition |
| Color | The visual response of the eye to the various reflected movements and pigments |
| Color harmony | The various useable or pleasing combinations of color |
| Analogous | The effect achieved by the use of neutral colors |
| Free form | A style of creative design inspired by unconventional ideas, styles and patterns, yet adhering to the elements and principles of design |
| Achromatic | The effect achieved through the use of three or more hues in sequence on the color chart |
| Interest | Dominance and transition will be gained by the percentage and the rhythm will be created by the variation in amounts |
| Binding | Tying materials together for the purpose of holding them in place |
| Banding | Encircling plant or man made materials in a concise manner of consecutive rings with decorative appointments |
| Bunching | Being gathered and bound together |
| Bundling | Firmly tying like materials together so that a radial stem pattern is created above the binding point |
| Grouping | The placement of identical materials within a specific limited area |
| Pave | A basing technique using parallel or surface contoured insertions which creates a uniform surface with no variation of depth |
| Formal linear | An asymmetrically balanced design of interesting materials, each of which is few in number and grouped that emphasizes form and lines |
| Size | A measurement of the amount of space something occupies such as a design or a component of a design |
| Grid Lids or tape Grids | These lids snap into place over the container opening, providing a series of small square openings to brace flowers upright in the container |
| Symmetrical | A type of balance that is formal or man made |
| Asymmetrical | A type of balance that is natural or informal |
| Unity | A oneness of purpose, thought, style and spirit |
| Contrast | The difference between objects when they are placed next to each other |
| Parallel | Two or more lines that have the same direction with continuous equal space |
| Abstract | Non realistic placement of stems with no relation to a growth point or water source |
| Radial | Having materials arranged like rays from a common center; spokes of a wheel; peacocks tail |
| Integrated | A combination of two or more of the design styles |
| Triangle | A symmetrical or asymmetrical design that is very interesting and pleasing to the eye |
| Vertical | A line associated with perfect equilibrium; a soldier at attention |
| Parallel design | A relatively new design theory in which all stem placements run in the same direction |
| Abstract design | Non realistic use of natural or man-made materials solely as pure elements-line, form, color, texture, in space, evoking a well thought out emotion |
| Container | An utilitarian receptacle for holding something or an object of art |
| Ethylene | A colorless and odorless hormone that accelerates the aging process of floral material |
| Microbial activity | The bacterial activity that damages floral material by clogging the stems |
| Transpiration | The natural loss of water in plants and flowers |
| Floral foam (oasis) | This has the unique ability to hold water and is commonly referred to as wet foam |
| Dry foam | Commonly used for silk and will not absorb water |
| Styrofoam | A rigid foam that is used for a base for heavier work |
| Floral cage | This comes in many shapes and is a plastic encasement for dry or wet foam |
| Hand tied bouquet | Group of flowers and foliage assembled in the hand, in which the stems are tied very tightly with some type of cord |
| Feathering | The technique that is used to subdivide one flower into smaller blossoms for use as a composite flower |
| Glamelia | Made from the petals of graded sizes of gladiolus florets |
| Saddle | The foundation that a casket spray should be constructed on |
| Soil | The anchor and stability for a plant |
| Light | Is absolutely necessary for plant growth |
| Garden dish | Combining several different kinds of plants to bring a bit of nature in a limited space |
| European style garden dish | Combines foliage and flowering plants |
| Bonsai | The oriental culture of drawing plants and recreating nature in miniature |
| Texture | The physical surface qualities of the plant or flower materials; smooth, glossy, rough, etc |
| Pattern | When texture is used in combination or enlarged |
| Tertiary colors | Produced by mixing a secondary color with one of its primary parents |
| Value | The term used to designate the lightness or darkness of a hue |
| Tint | Any color to which white has been added |
| Tone | A color grayed by a complement color or that has gray added |
| Shade | A color to which black has been added |
| Hue | A particular color - red, yellow, green, etc regardless of the quantity of black or gray |
| Chroma | Pure hue, undiluted with white, black or gray |
| Monochromatic | The term used when an object is composed entirely of one color |
| Complimentary colors | Opposites on the color wheel |
| Split complimentary colors | Two colors to either side of the actual complement color |
| Tetrad | The combination of four hues equally spaced on the color chart |
| Polychromatic | Achieved through the use of many different hues |
| Triad | Three hues equally spaced on the color wheel |
| Ikebana | The art of flower arranging in Japan |
| Vegetative design | The naturalistic design style in which flowers and plant materials are placed the way they grow |
| Tying or extension method | Method used for extending short-stemmed flowers in designs with no water source |
| Design | The harmonious arrangement of balance of all elements and principles for development of a single idea or theme |
| Principles of Design | The fundamental guidelines that help a designer achieve excellence in a composition |
| Premade bouquet holder | A mechanical device that is very popular for bridal bouquets |
| Line foliage | Adds strength, vitality and enhances line |
| Mass foliage | Adds volume and weight |
| Form foliage | The value is found in its distinctive shapes and brillant color |
| Floral food | provides the energy source for flowers in the form of sugars and carbohydrates |
| Filler foliage | Primarily used for background or to fill in an arrangement |
| Line flower | Tall and spike like with blossoms |
| Mass flower | Adds volume to the design |
| Form flower | Have distinctive shapes and are sufficient in themselves and are frequently used in the focal area |
Created by:
vickiedwitty
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