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Exam 1 vocab Hist201
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| homonid | creature with human-like characteristics but not human |
| Homo Sapiens | consciously thinking human- 250000 years ago, sophisticated tools, flexible language |
| Paleolithic Society | "old stone age", pre-agriculture, hunter-gatherer societies |
| Complex society | civilization, surplus agrucultural production, urban areas, division of labor, trade, culture, intellect, politics, religion |
| Neolithic era | "new stone age" Agricultural times |
| çatal Huyuk | South central Anatolia, early complex society even though it does not have all characteristics, specialization of labor, obsidian |
| Sumerian city-states | controlling within city walls and hinterlands surrounding |
| Mesopotamian empires | gathering large amounts of cities together under one head to exploit them, needs greater organization, laws, codes, Sargon of Akkad, Hammurabi, Assyrians, Babylon |
| Phoenicians | alphabetic writing, Canaanites, lots of trade, ships, |
| Harappans | living on Indus River, example of ecological degredation, disappeared in 1500 BCE |
| Aryans | lived after Harappans, horses, white race, The Vedas in religion, very violent people, God Indra |
| Dravidians | lived in India before Aryans, darker skinned, lower in society |
| Xia dynasty | Women played larger role, one of the first vigorous states to organize all China, lots of allies |
| Shang dynasty | rise in technology, walls, smaller kingdoms instead of centralized, Lady Fu Hao |
| Hammurabi | Mesopotamian Emperor, Hammurabi code |
| Indo-Europeans | horses, lots of similar languages, Hittites, migrated widely, followed many Mesopotamian practices |
| Hittites | toppled Babylon, War chariots, iron metallurgy, incorporated many Mesopotamian practices |
| stratified society | society with different levels of class |
| patriarchal society | society where men are dominant |
| slaves | prisoners of war, convicted criminals, debtors |
| caste system | stratified society originally based on color |
| varna | groups in caste system |
| brahmin | priest |
| kshatriyas | warriors, aristocrats |
| vaishyas | cultivators, artisans, and merchants |
| Shudras | landless peasants and serfs |
| Epic of Gilgamesh | stories of Gilgamesh, mesopotamian superman, and friend Enkidu, explored themes of religion, death, friendship, loyalty |
| Hebrews | monotheistic, Moses, Yahweh |
| monotheism | one god instead of a Pantheon |
| Akhenaten | Pharoah that changed his name to worship god Aten, monotheistic, major proponent of Aten |
| Cult of Osiris | Resurrected Osiris, afterlife, judge of people in afterlife |
| Vedas | collections of Aryan hymns, songs, prayers and rituals for Aryan gods |
| Upanishads | transmigration of the soul, reincarnation, desire moksha (returning to Brahman, universal soul) |
| Brahman | universal soul |
| oracle bones | bones from Chinese fortune telling, writing of Chinese question, answer |
| Axum | African kingdom centered in Ethiopia, growing season increase, pop increase, big trading spot, then monsoon stopped and pop decreased |
| Chinook society | longest lasting hunter gatherer sedentary society, Pacific Artic Coast, salmon and whale fishing |
| Endemic disease | diseases constantly present in a society |
| Epidemic disease | new disease with high death toll |
| Homogenization of the disease pool | combining and becoming accostumed and sharing diseases across large areas |
| Magdalenian society | south france, northern spain, non-agricultural sedentary people, dried and stored reindeer meat |
| Natufian society | Syrian non-agricultural sedentary people, wheat grew wild |
Created by:
ksheehy96
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