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ANTH 1101 Exam 1

Anthropology 1101 Exam 1

TermDefinition
Anthropology the study of the human species and its immediate ancestors through space and time
4 subfields Sociocultural, Archaeological, Biological, linguistic
Applied Anthropology application of anthropological date. Ex. Sociocultural - Trying to solve a social issue, Archaeological - Cultural Resource Management, Linguistic - Studying the last native speaker, Biological - Bones from 9/11
CRM (Cultural Resource Management) Decide what needs to be preserved or destroyed
Bio-cultural Combo of biological and cultural perspectives
Malinowski Father of ethnography
Etic VS Emic Etic - outside, emic - insiders
Adaptations Technology - Cultural, Genetic - Biological, Long term Physiological - Biological, Short term physiological - Biological
culture acquired and shared knowledge used to express behavior
Are we the only Ones with culture? No
Characteristics of Culture 1. Inherited Info a. enculturation b. acculturation. 2. Shared. 3. Symbolic 4. Signifies "normal" behavior 5. Dynamic 6. Adaptive and/or maladaptive 7. Contested 8. Perception/classification
Genie no enculturation - had the biological capability but no software
enculturation starts at birth
acculturation learning new things
cultural relativism seeing the perspective of a culture
ethnocentrism the tendency to judge other cultures
cultural universal marriage and religion
mechanisms/drivers of culture diffusion, acculturation, and independent invention
agency person/thing of change
communications language, gestures, and symbols
call systems natural communication among other primates
human language unique syntax and grammar
phoneme smallest unit of sound without meaning
morpheme smallest unit with meaning
lexicon vocabulary, glossary of morphemes
sapir - Whorf hypothesis language constrains thought and culture
critiques of sapir - Whorf hypothesis language, thought and culture effect each other
Hopi no concept of time. no past, present, future tenses
Language Acquisition critical learning period
Language Acquisition : Ethnography of Language vs innatists Ethnography - complex, grammar and syntax derived from others; innatists - programmed into humans (Chomsky)
language acquisition device critical period
Koko displacement
Lucy Productivity
washoe first to sign ASL
BEV Black English vernacular
displacement talking of something not there
productivity creating new words
cultural transmission communication through learning ex. language
pidgin and creole pidgin - created in situations of enculturation. creole- more mature developed from pidgin
archaeology study of peoples remains
phases of research 1. research design - question, theory, method 2. survey - systematic or random, shovel tests, dig and screen, map 3. excavation - strictly systematic 4. analysis a. clean b. sort c. dating
artifacts portable objects
ecofacts plant and animal remains
feature not portable ex. walls
NAGPRA Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990
Kennewick Man NAGPRA - five claimed link but none had proof
Relative Dating 1. age compared to other objects a. stratigraphy and super positioning b. seriation - like things like times 2. absolute - accurate dating a. dendrochronology b. c14 I. organic ii. radioactive decay. iii. decay starts at death iv. up to 40000 years
phases of ethnography field notes, pre lists and pile sorts, focal follows, time allocation. interviews
participant observation participating and observing
Created by: 728942846
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