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Primates

Classification - Applying Taxonomic Traits

QuestionAnswer
What is the purpose of classification? Species are arranges to reflect research hypotheses about the relationships between organisms. Branches in the classification reflect organisms that express similarity.
What are the schemes that determine classification? Behavior: separated at suborder by prosimii and anthropoidea Anatomy: separated at suborder by strepsirhini and haplorhini
What are the Order Primates diagnostic traits? Forward-facing eyes with nose beneath eyes. Stereoscopic vision, post-orbital bar, nails not claws with sensitive finger tips, divergent hallux (grasping big toe), & Increased sociality.
What is the post-orbital bar? Separates the eye orbit from the cheek orbit. Most non-primate mammals have soft tissue ligament in this location. In primates, the tissue has ossified.
Strepsirhine diagnostic traits. Open eye-orbits, external lacrimal duct, toothcomb, wet nose.
Haplorhine diagnostic traits. Closed eye orbits, internal lacrimal duct, no toothcomb, dry nose.
Platyrrhine Diagnostic traits 2.1.3.3. Dental Formula, zygomatic-parietal cranial contact, no ear tube.
Catarrhine Diagnostic traits 2.1.2.3. dental formula, frontal-sphenoid cranial contact, ear tubes.
Cercopithecoidea diagnostic traits Bilophodont molars, face > brain, narrow nasal base, quadrupedal skeleton, tail.
Hominoidea diagnostic traits Y-5 molars, face < brain, wide nasal base, suspensory skeleton, no tail.
What are Bilophodont molars? Longer than wide, very partitioned, two noticeable sharp cusps, folivorous diet.
What are Y-5 molars? More ovoid to round in outline, 5 cusps, no severe partitioning, bunodont cusps: low and rounded, omnivorous diet.
Cercopithecoid quadrupedal skeleton Equal limb proportions, less rotation in the arm.
Hominoid suspensory skeleton Longer arms than legs, increased rotation in the arm.
Created by: cassidylm34
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