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crime

TermDefinition
Mathieu Oifila Father of Forensic Toxicology
Alphonse Bertillon Devised first scientific system of personal identifcation
Franics Galton First study of fingerprints
Leon Lattes Devised procedure for determining blood groups
Calvin Goddard Established comparison microscope for firearms
Albert S. Osborn Developed fundamental principal of document examination
Walter C. McCrone Used microscopy to examine evidence
Hans Gross Wrote first treatises describing application of scientific discipline
Edmond Locard Locard Exchange Principal, when person comes in contact with object or person cross transfer material occurs
PMI Length of time that has passed since death
MNI based on the skeletal (usually) elements present, the absolute MINIMUM number of people represented,
Algor Mortis the cooling of the body after death
Rigor Mortis stiffening of the muscles after death, passes after 24-36 hours
Livor Mortis blood settling to the lowest points of the body, characterized by deep red or purple staining of the skin.
Putrefaction advanced decomposition, darkening of skin, foul odor
Adipocere in the absence of oxygen, but presence of moisture, decompositional processes turn the fat into a waxy substance
Mummification in the absence of moisture, but presence of oxygen, a human body can become naturally mummified
Skeletonization the body has been been reduced to just the skeletal material.
Taphonomy refers to the processes that have had an effect on the body since death - cultural, natural, etc.
Identification Process of determining a substance' physical or chemical identity
Comparison Ascertaining whether two or more objects have a common origin
Individual Characteristics Properties of evidence that can be attributed to a common source
Class Characteristics Properties of evidence that can be associated only with a group and never a single source
IAFIS Model for forensic database system maintained by FBI
CODIS DNA Database allows comparison for DNA
Created by: howie121212
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