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Radiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 things that you need to be wearing at all times when taking radiographs? | Dosimeter Badge, Thyroid shield, lead gown, lead gloves |
| what is the maximum amount of Sieverts a person over 18 in our profession can receive in one year? | 0.05 |
| is the anode positive or negatively charged | Positive |
| what is the measurement toll called that we use on our patients | Caliper |
| What does the Focal Film distance always need to stay between? | 36-40 inches |
| If a Patient measures under 10cm they are a? | Table Top |
| if a patient measures 11cm or higher they are a? | Bucky |
| What are the 3 types of radiation monitoring equipment we can wear? | ionization chamber Flim badge dosimeter badge |
| What is the filament made up of in the tube head? | Tungsten |
| Why do we use Tungsten in the filament | It has a high melting point |
| When is the fetus most sensitive to radiation? | 6 weeks and under |
| Where is the actual Focal spot located | inside the tube head on the tungsten target |
| Define Exposure Time | the length of time it actually takes to the the radiograph after compressing the pedal |
| What are 2 reasons that shorter exposure time is better | Less exposure to patient and staff less chance of movement |
| what is the formula for Sante's Rule? | Measurement (cm) X 2 + 40=kVp |
| What color does gas show up on a radiograph as? | Black |
| What is Whiter? bone or metal | Metal |
| if you have an overall black appearance to a film is your kVp or mAs too high? | mAs (too many x-rays penetrating subject) |
| if a film has an overall "soot" or Whitewash appearance, which is too low? kVp or mAs? | kVp (x-rays are reflecting back off of patient) |
| Where are grids placed? | between patient and cassette |
| what side of cassette always faces up? and where does the metal label area always go? | black, upper left hand corner |
| when x-raying a limb do you normally take a photo of both limbs for comparison? | yes! |
| Define penumbra | the normal gray shadow around a patient |
| What are the 3 exposure factors | mA, s, kVp |
| What does mA stand for | Milliamperage |
| What does kVp stand for | kilovoltage peak |
| if there is repeated overload to the x-ray tube what will happen to the anode? | it will crack |
| during tube saturation, metal deposits form on the inner lining of the glass envelope, these deposits attract electrons and act as a secondary anode, this is called? | arcing |
| What does Collimating mean? | making the x-ray size the smallest possible for the view you need |
| What does collimating do | Decreases scatter radiation, decreases or increases the size of the primary beam to just the area of interest |
| how thick should all your lead lined equipment be? | 0.5 mm |
| when doing large animal x-rays, do you hold the cassette with your hands ever? | NO |
| how often should you radiograph your gloves? | every 6 months |
| how often should you radiograph your gown and thyroid shield? | once a year |
| what is the black and white portion of the x-ray? | mAs |
| what is the gray scale portion? | kVp |
| what happens if you have your mA set too high | Burn out |
| what happens if the mA is too low? | White wash |
| what happens if the kVp is too low? | foggy/grayish |
| What does CdCr stand for? | Caudal to Crainal |
| what does AP stand for | Anterior to Posterior |
| what does DP stand for | dorsal to Palmer |
| when do we commonly take 3 views of the chest? | when looking for heart problems |
| what is an osteosarcoma and why is it bad? | mass on bone, it eats away at bone and progresses quickly, very hard to remove entire mass |
| what degree should the elbow be at when taking a lateral | 45 degree |
| what type of dog is appropriate for making a technique chart? | 40-50lb, medium build dog. |
| what are the 3 chemicals in the processor in the correct order? | developer fixer water |
| Do x-rays have a shorter or longer wavelength than visible light | shorter |
| What is tube overload | using too high of exposure factors causing the anode to crack |
| What is the back of the cassette made of? | lead |
| what are the 4 layers of an x-ray screen in order? | Base reflective phosphor protective |
| when using green light sensitive films what color safe light is required? | RED |
| when using Blue light sensitive films what color safe light is required? | amber |
| what is the latent image? | the invisible image on the film before developing |
| what are the 3 types of film speed? | slow medium fast |
| how does a direct safelight work? | it shines directly down on work area |
| how does indirect safelight work? | it shines upward and then bounces off ceiling into workspace |
| why should we never mix chemicals in darkroom? | cannot see what you are doing fumes can become too strong slip and fall cause damage to eyes |
| what temperature do we want chemicals to be at for manual processing | 68 degrees F |
| what type of radiograph labeling is not to be used and will not hold up in court? | Sharpie! |
| When looking at a lateral radiograph the head should always be facing your? | left |
| when looking at VD or DV radiographs how should the patient be facing? | the pt's right side should be facing the viewers left.. as if they are going to shake hands |
| As x-rays pass through materials, they have the ability to | cause some substances to fluoresce or emit visible light completely remove an electron from an atom, leaving atom positively charged cause chemical changes that can kill cells |
| Electrons travel in what direction? | cathode to anode |
| in x-ray tubes, the majority of energy produced by the movement of electrons is in the form of? | heat |
| A higher kVp setting allows for ______ mAs and ________ exposure time | Lower, Lower |
| The walls in the darkroom should be white or cream colored because? | more reflection of the safelight is produced, providing a more visible work enviromentt |
| The most effective types of darkroom doors include? | revolving door system double door system |
| the degree of blackness on a radiograph is | contrast |
| density is determined primarily by | mAs |
| radiographic contrast is determined primarily by | kVp |
| Correct medical terminology for Right lateral shoulder? | Right Lateral scapulohumeral joint |
| correct medical terminology for Right Lateral elbow? | Right Lateral humeralradial joint |
| a Crease in the film after exposure but before processing will likely appear as a? | black crescent mark |
| Scatter radiation on a film is more noticeable if there is? | higher kVp, thicker patient, larger field size |
| to get more density on a film, you should do what to the kVp and mAs? | increase |
| Medical terminology for Shoulder? | Scapulohumeral joint |
| Medical Terminology for elbow? | humeroradial joint |
| Medical Terminology for Carpus? | radiocarpal joint |
| medical terminology for the metatarsals/carpalsm | distal phalanx |
| Medical Terminology for Stifle? | Femorotibial joint |
| What is the advantages to slow screen speed? | high definition, ultra detailed... used for dentals |
| must the screen speed and film speed match? | yes! |
| If film is too light? | increase kVp or mAs |
| if film is too dark? | it is overexposed and need to decrease kVp or mAs |
| If you have good penetration what can you see? | the outlines of the different structures |
| if a film is too light but you CAN see the different anatomic structures then you increase? | mAs |
| if a film is too light and you CANNOT see the different anatomic structures they you increase? | kVp |
| when you have alot of gray youre kVp is? | too high |
| if bone looks white but all else is too darks mAs are? | too high |
| can you use scotch tape or cloth tape on a bird? | NO!! |
| can you xray a fish? | yes! |
| why do we want to stress birds as little as possible and preferably sedate them for x-rays? | Because Birds Die. |
Created by:
tumatoh
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