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Plant Physiology
Horticulture 1 -- Knowbook 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Annual | plant that completes its life cycle in ONE year |
| Biennial | plant that completes its life cycle TWO years |
| Perennial | plant that completes its life cycle in 3+ years |
| Deciduous | plant that loses its leaves during the dormant season |
| Evergreen | plant that retains its leaves during the dormant season |
| Turgid | plant that is swollen or filled with moisture |
| Wilted | plant that is limp because it does not have enough moisture |
| Dormant | a stage when a plant rests or grows very little |
| Botany | part of biology that deals with plants |
| Cool season plant | plant that grows best in spring or fall |
| Warm season plant | plant that grows best in summer and early fall |
| Petiole | the leaf stalk that connects the leaf to the stem |
| Midrib | large center vein in a leaf |
| blade | large, flat part of a leaf |
| veins | structural framework of the leaf |
| Margin | edge of the leace |
| apex | leaf tip |
| upper and lower epidermis | skin of the leaf that prevents the loss of too much moisture |
| stomates | small openings under the leaf for breathing or transpiration |
| guard cells | Surround the stomates and regulate the open and close of stomates |
| chloroplasts | small green particles that contain chlorophyll and are necessary for photosynthesis |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants capture sunlight and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into food |
| Respiration | converts sugars and starches into energy |
| transpiration | release of water vapor from the leaves of plants. Also cools the plant |
| Sessile | leaves without a petiole |
| Rugose | bumpy leaf blade |
| tomentose | leaf has lots and lots of soft hairs |
| pubescent | leaf has some small hairs but not much |
| glabrous | leaf has no hair at all |
| entire | smooth leaf margin |
| serrated | jagged margin |
| dentate | teeth like margin |
| crenate | round, uniform margin |
| hirsute | sharp, splinter-like hairs |
| Tenticels | breathing pores found on stems and branches |
| Bud scale scars | where terminal buds have been located |
| leaf scar | where a leaf was once attached |
| terminal bud | bud on end of stem |
| axillary | bud located at the axil of the leaf |
| lateral bud | bud on the side of stem |
| Xylem | tissue that carries water and nutrients up from the roots to the stems and leaves |
| Phloem | tissue that carries water and nutrients down from the roots to the stems and leaves |
| cambium | a thin, green, actively growing tissue between bark and wood and produces all new stem cells |
| bark | old inactive phloem |
| heartwood | old inactive xylem |
| sapwood | new active xylem |
| monocots | stems that have vascular bundles of xylem and phloem |
| dicots | stems that have a tube of xylem and a tube of phloem |
| translocation | movement of water and minerals through the plant |
Created by:
Jsbrewer
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