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PtAssessGIT

QuestionAnswer
What can cause umbilicus protrusion? Ascites
What is normal bowel sounds? 5-35/min and irregular
What will gastroenteritis do to sounds? Increased sounds
What will early intestinal obstruction do to sounds? Increased sounds
What will fluid under pressure do to sounds? High pitched
What will obstruction do to sounds? High pitched
What will peritonitis do to sounds? Decreased sounds
Which kidney is easier to feel? Right
What will have pain on inspiration, shallow respirations, and reduced bowel sounds, as well as cutaneous hyperesthesia? Peritoneal Irritation
Guarding + rebound tender + periumbilical/epigastric pain localized to RLQ? Appendicitis
What is heel jar test for? Appendicitis
Rebound tenderness & sharp pain when pressing on RLQ? What is this test called & what for? McBurney Test- appendicitis
RLQ pain intensified by LLQ pressure? Called and what for? Rovsing's Sign- appendicitis
Hand on lower thigh, patient raises leg while you press down on the leg? Called and what for? Psoas Sign- appendicitis
Flex right leg at 90 degrees, rotate leg medial & lateral? Called and what for? Obturator Sign- appendicitis
What will have hyperesthesia in RLQ, with anorexia, N/V and usually no bowel movement since Sx started? Appendicitis
What is LUQ pain that radiates to left shoulder? Pain worsens when bed of foot elevated? Splenic Rupture
What is Kehr Sign refer to? (2) Splenic Rupture, renal calculi
Sudden severe pain and N/V, necrosis/gangrene/pancreatic hemorrhage? Pancreatitis
Ecchymosis around umbilicus? Called and what for? Positive Cullen Sign- Pancreatitis
Ecchymosis of flanks? Called and what for? Positive Gray Turner Sign- pancreatitis
Accumulation of fluid in abdomen? Ascites
Increased abdominal girth & abdominal pain? Ascites
Palpable, non-tender gallbladder? Cholelithiasis
Inflamed gallbladder, usually due to stones? Cholecystitis
What can cause pain in RUQ that radiates to right scapula? Cholecystitis
Abrupt cessation of breathing when you palpate gallbladder? Called and what for? Murphy Sign- cholecystitis
What will present with vomiting, anorexia, fever and jaundice? Cholecystitis
What can be caused by viral infection, alcohol, drugs or toxins? Hepatitis
What will have jaundice, hepatomegaly, anorexia and discomfort? Hepatitis
What will have clay colored stools, tea colored urine, and abnormal LFT's Hepatitis
How many injections for Hep A? 2
Long term consequences of Hep A? None
Spread fecal-oral, blood, or food & H2O? Hep A
Spread blood, sex, or perinatally? (2) Hep B and Hep C
What will have jaundice, arthralgia, abnormal LFTs, and look like the flu? Hep B
Vaccination for Hep B? 3
What can lead to chronic liver disease, primary hepatocellular carcinoma? Hep B
Vaccination with Hep C? None
Leads to chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma? Hep C
Most are asymptomatic, but can have flu Sx and elevated LFT's? Hep C
What is destruction of liver parenchyma? Cirrhosis
What will lead to enlarged liver with firm border? CIrrhosis
Sx of fatigue, jaundice, ascites, prominent abdomen vasculature, cutaneous spider angioma, dark urine, light stools and enlarged spleen? Cirrhosis
Abdomen mass with bruit, radiating pain? Aneurysm
Regurgitation, early feeding, dehydrated, don't gain weight? Pyloric Stenosis
What can obesity and pregnancy cause? GERD
Large meals, eating before bed, dietary fat, chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, peppermint can cause this? GERD
Sx of morning hoarse, chest pain, regurge, dysphagia, asthma-like things? GERD
Step 1 of GERD Tx? change diet, raise head of bed, suck on hard candy
Step 2 of GERD Tx? OTC antacid or H2 antagonist
Step 3 of GERD Tx? H2 antagonists or PPI's
Step 4 of GERD Tx? PPI's, prokinetics long term
What usually causes PUD? H Pylori
What gender is PUD more common in? Men
Pain/cramping when stomach is empty, wakes them up, radiates to back, relieved by food or antacids? Peptic Ulcer Perforation
Acute onset of pain, bowel sounds at site of pain? Hernias
What can be caused by lack of exercise, inadequate fluids or fiber? Constipation
What is prophylaxis of constipation? bulk forming agent
What is for prevention of constipation? Stool softeners
Duration to be classified as acute diarrhea? less than 3 weeks
Cramping, nausea, watery stools, weakness, fever Acute diarrhea
Can cause kin breakdown, dehydration, weight loss and malnutrition? chronic diarrhea
What can be caused by fecal impaction, underlying disease, or neurogenic disease? Fecal incontinence
How can fecal impaction cause fecal incontinence? Soft matter will squeeze past the impaction
What IBD will affect the entire GIT and all the layers of the GIT wall? Crohn's
What will present as skip lesions and cobblestone mucosa? Crohn's
Sx of chronic cramping diarrhea and compromised nutrition? Crohn's
What IBD only affects colon & rectum, mucosa & submucosa? Ulcerative colitis
Sx of bloody, frequent, water diarrhea, weight loss and fatigue? Ulcerative colitis
What will lead to predisposition to colon carcinoma? Ulcerative colitis
Out-pouching of large bowel? Diverticulosis
Infection of diverticula Diverticulosis
What will have LLQ pain, anorexia, N/V and altered bowel habits as well as decreased bowel sounds? Diverticulitis
Prolapse of one intestinal segment into another? Intususception
Current jelly stools, abdomen distention, acute intermittent abdominal pain? Intususception
Sausage shaped mass in RUQ or RLQ? Intususception
Hyperactive bowel sounds, referred pain, distention, guarding Volvulus
Loss of peristalsis, Sx of distention, N/V, minimal tender, decreased bowel sounds Paralytic Ileus
Sx of painless rectal bleed Polyps
Varicose veins below anorectal line covered by skin Hemorrhoids
Sx of itching/bleeding with defecation, internal and external? Hemorrhoids
Infected kidney and renal pelvis? Pyelonephritis
Sx of flank pain, bacteruria, pyuria, nocturia Pyelonephritis
Pain upon hitting back with fist? Indicate kidney infection or stone
Stones in kidney pelvis? Renal Calculi
What can lead to obstruction and infection of UT? Renal Calculi
Sx of fever, hematuria, flank pain that radiates? Renal Calculi
Created by: sjanuary1
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