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surgery & anesthesia
injectable anesthetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 type of injectable anesthetics? | Barbiturates, propofol, and etomidate |
| injectable anesthetics don't do what? | Don’t provide analgesia or muscle relaxation |
| can injectable anesthetics be used with other agents? | YES. |
| Barbiturates are a derivative of __________. | barbituric acid |
| Barbiturates are controlled or non-controlled? | CONTROLED. |
| What are the subclasses of barbiturates based on duration? | ultra-short, short, intermediate, & long-acting |
| 3 ultra-short barbiturates: | Thiopental sodium, methohexital, and thiamylal |
| what species is ultra-short barbiturates used on? | cats, dogs, & horses |
| what do ultra-short barbiturates do? | induce general anesthesia |
| a short acting barbiturate: | Pentobarbital |
| what is a benefit of pentobarbital? | can treat epilepsy |
| short acting barbiturates do what? | induce general anesthesia |
| an intermediate barbiturate: | Secanol, treats tetanus & epilespy |
| a long acting barbiturate is: | phenobarbital |
| the 2 subclasses based on chemical structure: | OXYBARBITURATES (Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, & methohexital) & THIOBARBITURATES (Thiopental and thiamylal) |
| Action of barbiturates: | Mimics the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA --> Depresses nerve impulses to cerebral cortex --> CNS depression --> loss of consciousness |
| Ionization: | Is in both polar (ionized) & nonpolar (nonionized) forms |
| Nonpolar (nonionized) forms can: | pass through the cell membrane |
| Increased nonpolarization, increased drug amounts to brain, exaggerated patient response, lower dose to anesthetize an animal are an indication of what? | Acidosis (blood pH <7.4) |
| c/s of metabolic acidosis: | diarrhea, ketosis, severe infection, admin. Of acidic drugs (cholorphenicol & aminoglycosides) , shock! Increased resp. |
| c/s of metabolic alkalosis: | vomiting, corticosteroid overdose, decreased resp. |
| Resp. Acidosis = | hypoventilation |
| Retention CO2 = | hypercapnia |
Created by:
eflores917
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