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Integumentory
Integumentory FOBF Chpt 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Integumentory system is composed of? | Skin, nail, hair, sebacous glands, cerumenous glands, sudoriferous glands |
| Sebum is produced by? | Sebacous glands |
| Cerumen is produced by? | Cerumenous glands |
| Sweat is produced by? | Sudoriferous glands |
| Functions of the skin include? | 1. flexability 2. waterproof 3. Protects from chemicals and microbs 4. protects against UV light 5. Regulates body temp through evaporation |
| Epidermis | Outer most layer of skin |
| The Epidermis is composed of? | Epithelial cells |
| Epithelial cells reproduce by? | Mitosis |
| Epithelial cells reproduce at the rate of? | 30,000/day |
| Keratinization | The process by which newer epithelial cells push upwards (to the surface) where they slowly necrose |
| Skin sloughing helps? | Rid the body of pathogens |
| Dermis /Corium | 2nd layer of skin |
| The Dermis/Corium consists of? | Connective tissue - Collagenous & elastin fibers |
| Collagen functions | To bind the skin cells together |
| Embedded in the Dermis/Corium are? | 1.Blood vessels 2.Nerves 3.Lymph vessels 4.Hair follicles 5.Sebaceous glands -oil 6.Sudoriferous glands -sweat |
| Sweat is released through? | Ossa - called sudoriferous pores |
| Hypodermis/Subcutaneous | 3rd layer of skin |
| Subcutaneous abbreviation | subQ subCU |
| The subcutaneous/hypodermis consists mainly of? | Adipose tissue - fat |
| The Hypodermis/subQ attaches? | The dermis/corium to the underlying muscles |
| Fascia | Connective fibrous tissue found through out the body |
| Callus (calluses)-pl | Thickend skin caused by excessive amount of abrasion or friction |
| Skin pigmentation is caused by? | Melanin |
| Albinism | A genetic mutation causing an absence of melanin |
| Dilation of the blood vessels in the dermis cause? | 1.Erythroderma 2.Erythema 3.Rubeosis |
| Causes of Erythema include? | 1.Pyrexia -fever 2.Hypertension (HTN) 3.Inflammation 4.Blushing |
| Cyanosis/Cyanotic | A bluish condition caused by: 1.Hypoxia (lack of O2) 2.Hypothermia (cold) |
| Xanthroderma AKA | Jaundic Icterus (kericterus) |
| Xanthroderma | A yellowish/orange discoloration of the skin or sclerae |
| Xanthroderma is caused by? | Excessive hemolysis, erythrocytosis or hyperbilirubinemia |
| Hair is a characteristic of? | Mammals |
| On humans hair can be found everywhere -except: | Palms,soles,glans penis |
| Each hair is composed of | 1. shaft (visible portion) 2. root (found in the epidermal tube) 3. follicle (where mitosis/growth occures) |
| The average human produces ? hair per/year | 7 miles |
| Arrector Pili muscle | A muscle which causes the hair shaft to stand on end - attached to the root |
| Alopecia | Hair loss |
| Genetics control hair | Color, texture, loss |
| Nail body | The visable portion of the nail |
| Nail bed | The surface on which the nail grows |
| Eponychium | Cutical |
| Onychocryptosis | Ingrown or hidden nail |
| Onychmycosis | Nail fungus |
| Paronychia | Inflammation adjacent to the nail |
| Cicatrix / Cicatrices -pl | Scar(s) |
| Keloid | Exaggerated of hypertrophied scar |
| Ulcer | An erosion (wearing away) of the skin or mucous membrane |
| Decubitus ulcer | Bedsore or pressure sore |
| Decubitus ulcers commonly occur where? | Pressure points such as: 1.Coccyx (tailbone) 2.Calcanei (heel bone) 3.Olecranos (elbows) 4.Scapulae (shoulder bones) 5.Occipital bone (posterior cranium) 6.Pelvis (ilia & Ischia) |
| Ecchymosis /Ecchymotic | Black, blue marks caused by bleeding under the skin -also called Hematoma, contusion, bruise |
| Edema / Edematous | Tissue swelling caused by fluid |
| Pitted Edema | Fluid accumilation where indentions occure after light palpation |
| Eschar(otic) | Necotic tissue caused by burn |
| Macule / macular | Pertaining to; flat usually erthematous skin |
| Papule /papular | Pertaining to; a raised skin lesion less than <1cm |
| Nodule /nodular | Pertaing to; a raised skin lesion greater than >1cm |
| Nevus / nevi | Mole or birthmark |
| Petechia(e) | Pinpoint skin hemorrhage |
| Purpura | A combination of Ecchymosis and petechiae (red/black/blue marks) |
| Pustule / pustular | Pertaing to; a papule (<1cm) filled with pus |
| Abscess / abscesses | Collection of pus |
| Verruca(e) | Wart(s) |
| Pallor | Paleness |
| Vesicle / blister | Raised lesion filled w/clear liquid |
| Bulla | Vesicle greater >1cm |
| Bleb | Vesicle less <1cm |
| Abrasion | Mechanical superficial damage to the skin (scrape) |
| Excoriation | Chemical superficial damage to the skin diaper rash) |
| Cellulitis / dermititis | Inflammation of skin cells |
| Urticaria | Hives/Wheals - an indication of allergic reaction |
| Cyst | A lump of thickining of skin |
| Furuncle | Boil - an infection of a hair follicle & adjacent tissue |
| Gangrene / gangrenous | Putrefaction (rot) - caused by tissue necrosis & microbial perliferation |
| Laceration | Tissue that is cut, torn, or ripped |
| Avulsion | Tearing of any part of the body, away from the whole |
| Xeroderma | Dry skin |
| Ichthyosis | Dry, scaly skin |
| Crustation(s) | Scab(s) |
| Vitiligo | Localized loss of skin pigmenation - characterized by milk-white patch's |
| Carbuncle | A cluster of Furuncles (hair follicles) |
Created by:
adrouillard
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