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Chapter 3
Vet Med Term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| myectomy | surgical removal of muscle or part of a muscle |
| myoplasty | surgical repair of muscle |
| myotomy | surgical incision into a muscle |
| tenectomy | surgical removal of part of a tendon |
| tenotomy | surgical division of tendon |
| myositis | inflammation of voluntary muscle |
| myotonia | delayed relaxation of a muscle after a contraction |
| tendinitis | inflammation of band of fibrous connective tissue connecting muscle to bone |
| tetany | muscle spasms or twitching |
| adhesion | band of fibers that hold structures together in an abnormal fashion |
| ataxia | lack of voluntary control of muscle movement |
| atonic | laacking muscle control |
| dystrophy | defective growth |
| fascitis | inflmammation of sheet of fibrous connecctive tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle |
| fibroma | tumor composed of fully developed connective tissue |
| hernia | protrustion of a body part through tissue that normally contains it |
| laxity | looseness |
| leiomyositis | inflammation of smooth tissue |
| myasthenia | muslce weakness |
| myoclonus | muscle spasm |
| myopathy | abnormal condition or disease of muscle |
| electromyography | process of recording electrical activity of the muslce cells near recording electrodes |
| electromyogram | record of strength of muscle contractino caused by electrical stimulation |
| sartorius muscle | muscle of thigh area |
| gemellus | twin |
| gastrocnemius muscle | resembles shape of stomach (calf) |
| teres | cylindrical muscles |
| serratus | saw toothed muscles |
| scalenus | unequally three sided muscles |
| rhomboideus | diamond shaped muscles |
| quadratus | square or four sided muscles |
| deltoid | look like greek delta sign |
| minimus | small |
| maximus | large |
| latissimus or vastus | broad |
| longissimus or gracillis | narrow |
| quadriceps | four divisions (heads) |
| biceps | two divisions |
| triceps | three divisions |
| sphincter | tight band. muscles ringlike and constrict opening of passageway |
| transverse | crosswise. muscles form crosswise to midline |
| oblique | slanted. slant away from midline |
| rectus | straight. align with vertical axis of body |
| pectoral muscles | located on chest |
| epaxial muscles | located above pelvic axis |
| infraspinatus muscles | beneath spine of the scapula |
| supraspinatus muscles | located above the spine of the scapula |
| orbicularis | muscles surrounding another structure |
| flexor | muscle that bends a limb at its joint or decreases joint angle |
| extensor | straightens a limb or increases the joint angle |
| levator | raises or elevates a part |
| depressor | lowers or depresses a joint |
| rotator | turns a body part on its axis |
| supinator | rotates palmar or plantar surface upward |
| pronator | rotates palmar or plantar surface downward |
| kinesiology | study of movement |
| antagonist | muscles that work opposite each other |
| synergists | contract at the same time to help movement or support |
| contraction | tightening |
| relaxation | lessening of tension |
| neuromuscular junction | point at which nerve endings come in contact with muscle cells |
| tonus | muscle tone or balanced muscle tension |
| linea alba | fibrous band of connective tissue on ventral abdominal wall that is median attachment of abdominal muscles |
| aponeurosis | fibrous sheet providing atachment to muscular fibers and is a means of origin or insertion of a flat muscle |
| tendon | attaches muscle to bone |
| fascia | sheet of fibrous connective tissue covers, supports, separates muscle |
| trephination | cutting a hole into bone |
| osteotomy | surgical incision of bone |
| osteoplasty | surgical repair of bone |
| osteopexy | surgical fixation of bone to body wall |
| osteodesis | fusion of bone |
| osteocentesis | surgical puncture of bone |
| ostectomy | surgical removal of bone |
| onychectomy | surgical removal of claw |
| arthrodesis | surgical fusion of joint or spinal vertebrae |
| chemonucleolysis | dissolving part of center of IVD by injecting foreign substance |
| laminectomy | surgical removal of dorsal arch of vertebrae |
| transverse fracture | broken at right angles or straight across bone |
| spiral fracture | bone twisted apart |
| pphysical fracture | broken at epiphyseal line. salter-harris i-v fractures |
| oblique fracture | angular break diagonal to long axis |
| greenstick frature | broken on one side and other side is bent |
| comminuted fracture | bone splintered or crushed into multiple pieces |
| callus | bulging deposit around area of a bone fracture that may become bone |
| avulsion fracture | broken bone where site of muscle, tendon, or ligament insertion is detached by forceful pull |
| synovitis | inflammation of synovial membrane of joints |
| subluxation | partial dislocation |
| spondylosis deformans | chronic degeneration of articular processes and development of bony outgrowths around ventral edge of vertebrae |
| spondylitis | inflammation of vertebrae |
| spondylosis | degenerative disorder of vertebrae |
| ostealgia | bone pain |
| osteitis | inflammation of bone |
| osteoarthritis | DJD associated w/ aging or wear and tear to joints |
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