Chapter 10 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
motor nerve | Carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent nerve. |
myelin sheath | Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons. |
neurons (nerve cells) | nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body; parenchyma of the nervous system. |
parenchyma | Essential in distinguishing tissue of any organ or system. |
plexus (plural: plexuses) | Large, interlacing network of nerves. |
synapse | Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or grandular cells. *Greek from synapsis-a point of contact. |
acetylcholine | Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells. |
astrocyte | Type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries. (star-like) |
cauda equina | Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord. (Latin for "Horse tail") |
cerebellum | Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance. * located at the base of the skull. |
cerebrum | Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory. *known as the "THINKING AREA" |
dendrite | Microscopic branching fiber of nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse |
ganglion (plural: ganglia) | Collection of nerves cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. |
gyrus (plural: gyri) | Sheet of nerve cells that produce a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution. |
hypothalamus | Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland. |
medulla oblongata | Part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing heart beat, and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here. L to R, R to L. *Located in the brainstem |
cerebell/o | cerebellum |
cerebr/o | cerebrum |
gli/o | glial cells *glioblastoma-highly malignant tumor. |
my/o | muscle |
-plegia | -paralysis (loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body). |
-paresis | weakness |
lex/o | word, phrase *dyslexia-This is a developmental reading disorder occurring when the brain does not properly recognize, process, & interpret language. |
-lepsy | seizure. *narcolepsy- sudden uncontrollable compulsion to sleep. |
esthesi/o, -esthesia | feeling, nervous sensation. *anesthesia- lack of normal sensation two types (spinal & epidural) |
-praxia | action. *movement & behavior are not purposeful |
-phasia | speech |
syncop/o | to cut off, cut short. *syncopal- pertaining to fainting |
cerebral concussion | Type of brain injury caused by a blow to the head. Usually no evidence of structural damage to the brain tissue, and loss of consciousness may not occur. |
spina bifida | congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts. (neutral tube defect) *three forms |
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; STROKE (thrombotic,embolic, hemorrhagic) |
cerebral contusion | Bruising of brain tissue resulting from direct trauma to the head. *associated w/fracture of skull, as well as edema and an increase in intracranial pressure. |
embolic | an embolus (dislodged thrombus) travels to cerebral arteries and occludes a small vessel. This occurs very suddenly. |
thrombotic | Blood clot (thrombus) in the arteries leading to the brain, resulting in occlusion (blocking) of the vessel. *Short episodes of neurological dysfunction are known as TRANSIENT ESCHEMIC ATTACKS (TIA's) |
dementia | mental decline and deterioration |
hemorrhagic | a blood vessel, such as the cerebral artery, breaks and bleeding occurs. *Aneurysm- weakened area in the vessel wall that balloons and may eventually burst. |
palliative | relieving symptoms but not curing them. |
gait | manner of walking |
aura | peculiar symptoms or sensation occurring before the onset (prodromal) of an attack of a migraine or an epileptic seizure. |
caus/o | burning. *causalgia-Intense burning following injury to a sensory nerve. |
thec/o | sheath - (refers to the meninges) |
radicul/o | nerve root of spinal nerves. *Sciatica is a radiculopathy affecting the sciatic nerve root in the back. |
myel/o | spinal cord |
Parkinson Disease | degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement. *caused by a deficiency of dopamine. |
Created by:
jswitzer13
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