A & P for estetician Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Anatomy | study of the body structure and its makeup |
Physiology | study of the body structure functions and activities |
Histiology | study of the science of organic tissue makeup |
Cells | the basic unit of all living cells |
Protoplasm | a colorless jellylike substance containing food elements |
Nucleus | dense protoplasm at the center of the cell that acts in cell reproduction and metabolism |
Cytoplasm | all the protoplasm of a cell beyond the nucleus that contains food material for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair |
Cell Membrane | encloses the protoplasm and is a selective barrier |
Mitosis | division of a parent somatic cell into two identical daughter cells |
Metabolism | chemical process in living organisms to nourish cells and carry out their activities |
Anabolism | constructive metabolism, building larger from smaller |
Catabolism | decomposing metabolism, breaking larger into smaller |
Tissue | collection of similar cells that perform a particular function |
Water in Body Tissues | 60 to 90 percent |
Connective Tissue Function | supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body |
Epithelial Tissue Function | protective covering on body surfaces |
Liquid Tissue Function | carries food, waste products, and hormones through the body |
Muscular Tissue Function | contracts and moves the various parts of the body |
Nerve Tissue Function | carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions |
Connective Tissue Example | bone |
Epithelial Tissue Example | skin |
Liquid Tissue Example | lymph |
Muscular Tissue Example | muscle |
Nerve Tissue Example | spinal cord |
Organs | groups of tissues designed to perform a specific function |
Brain | controls the body |
Eyes | control vision |
Heart | circulates the blood |
Kidneys | excrete water and waste products |
Lungs | supply oxygen to the blood |
Liver | removes toxic products of digestion |
Skin | forms external protective covering of the body |
Stomach and Intestines | digest food |
Systems | groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions |
Ten Major Body Systems | MURDERSINC; U=E |
Skeletal System | 206 bones connected by movable and immmovable joints, made of connective tissue: 1/3 animal matter and 2/3 mineral matter |
Skeletal System Function | give shape and support the body |
Skeletal System Function | protect various internal structures and organs |
Skeletal System Function | serve as attachments for mms and act as levers to produce body movement |
Skeletal System Function | help produce both WBC and RBCs |
Skeletal System Function | store most of the body's calcium supply, and phosphorus, magnesium, and sodium |
Joint | movable or immovable connection between two or more skeletal bones |
Skull | made up of the cranium and the facial skeleton |
Cranium | 8 bone protection of the brain; TOPFES |
Occipital Bone | skull above the nape |
Parietal Bones | (2) form the sides and crown of the cranium |
Frontal Bone | forehead |
Temporal Bones | (2) form the sides of the head in the ear region |
Ethmoid Bone | between eye sockets |
Sphenoid Bone | joins all the cranial bones |
Facial Bones | 14 bones of the face |
Nasal Bones | (2) nose bridge |
Lacrimal Bones | (2) make up eye sockets |
Zygomatic (Malar) Bones | (2) cheekbones |
Maxillae | (2) upper jaw bones |
Mandible | lower jawbone; largest and strongest facial bone |
Vomer | part of nasal septum |
Palatine Bones | (2) mouth palate |
Inferior Concha | side walls of nasal cavity |
Hyoid Bone | Main neckbone; U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles |
"Adam's apple" | U-shaped bone |
Cervical Vertebrae | Main neckbones; seven vertebral bones in the neck |
Thorax | elastic, bony cage made up of the sternum, spine, 12 pairs of ribs, and connective cartilage protecting the heart, lungs, and other internal organs |
Sternum | breastbone |
Clavicle | collarbone |
Scapula | shoulder blade |
Shoulder Bones | clavicle, scapula, and head of humerus |
Humerus | uppermost and largest arm bone; shoulder to elbow |
Ulna | inner and larger forearm bone; elbow to wrist on pinkie finger side |
Radius | outer and smaller forearm bone; elbow to wrist on thumb side |
Carpus | 8 small, irregular wrist bones connected by ligaments |
Metacarpus | 5 long, slender palm bones |
Phalanges | 14 finger bones; 3 per finger and 2 per thumb |
Muscular System Function | covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue and contracts and moves various parts of the body |
Muscular System | over 640 mms make up about 40 percent of the body's weight |
Muscles | fibrous tissues that can stretch and contract to meet the demands of the body's movements |
Striated Mms | skeletal or voluntary mms attached to bones |
Nonstriated Mms | involuntary, visceral, or smooth mms found in internal organs |
Cardiac Mms | involuntary mm makes up the heart (and nothing else) |
Origin (of a mm) | part of mm that doesn't move (attached to skeleton) |
Insertion (of a mm) | part of mm at more movable skeleton attachment |
Belly (of a mm) | middle part of mm |
Pressure in Massage | usually directed insertion to origin |
Massage | hand or electric vibrator stimulates muscle tissue |
Electrical Current | high frequency or faradic current stimulates muscle tissue |
Light Rays | infrared rays or UV rays stimulate muscle tissue |
Heat Rays | heating lamps or heating caps stimulate muscle tissue |
Moist Heat | steamers or moderately warm steam towels stimulates muscle tissue |
Nerve Impulses | through the nervous system stimulate muscle tissue |
Chemicals | certain acids and salts stimulate muscle tissue |
Scalp Mms | Epicranius or occipito-frontalis |
Epicranius | covers top of skull in two parts, occipitalis and frontalis, connected by an aponeurosis |
Occipitalis Location | back of epicranius |
Occipitalis Action | draws scalp backward |
Frontalis Location | front of epicranius |
Frontalis Action | raises eyebrows, draws scalp forward, and wrinkles forehead |
Aponeurosis | tendon |
Ear Mms | auricularis superior, anterior, and posterior |
Auricularis Superior Location | above ear |
Auricularis Superior Action | draws ear upward |
Auricularis Anterior Location | in front of ear |
Auricularis Anterior Action | draws ear forward |
Auricularis Posterior Location | behind ear |
Auricularis Posterior Action | draws ear backward |
Masseter and Temporalis | chewing muscles |
Platysma Location | from chest and shoulder mms to side of chin |
Platysma Action | lowers lower jaw and lip |
Sternocleidomastoideus Action | lowers and rotates head |
Corrugator Location | beneath frontalis and orbicularis oculi |
Corrugator Action | draws eyebrow down and wrinkles forehead vertically |
Orbicularis Oculi Location | rings around eye socket |
Orbicularis Oculi Action | closes the eyes |
Procerus Location | bridge of nose |
Procerus Action | lowers eyebrows and causes wrinkles across bridge of nose |
Buccinator Location | cheek between upper and lower jaw |
Buccinator Action | compresses cheeks and expels air between lips |
Depressor Labii Inferioris Location | surrounds lower lip |
Depressor Labii Inferioris Action | depresses lower lip and draws it to one side |
Levator Anguli Oris Action | raises angle of mouth and draws it forward |
Levator Labii Superioris Location | surrounds upper lip |
Levator Labii Superioris Action | elevates upper lip and dilates nostrils, as in showing distaste |
Mentalis Action | elevates lower lip snd raises and wrinkles chin |
Orbicularis Oris Location | surrounds upper and lower lips |
Orbicularis Oris Action | compresses, contracts, puckers, and wrinkles lips |
Risorius Action | draws corner of mouth out and back, as in grinning |
Triangularis Location | alongside the chin |
Triangularis Action | pulls down corner of mouth |
Zygomaticus Major and Minor Location | from zygomatic bone to angle of mouth |
Zygomaticus Major and Minor Action | elevate lip, as in laughing |
Nervous System Function | coordinates activities performed inside and outside body |
Principal Components of Nervous System | brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
Main Subdivisions of Nervous System | central (cerebrospinal), peripheral, and autonomic |
CNS or Cerebrospinal | consists of brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves + controls voluntary functions |
PNS | carries impulses to and from CNS |
ANS | controls involuntary actions of smooth mms, glands, blood vessels, and heart |
Brain | largest and most complex nerve tissue in body |
Number of Cranial Nerves | 12 pairs |
Spinal Cord | from brain to lower extremity of trunk, protected by spinal column |
Number of Spinal Nerves | 31 pairs distributed to mms and skin of trunk and limbs |
Nervous System Composition | fine fibers called nerves and nerve cells called neurons |
Afferent nerves | carry messages from sense organs to brain + also called sensory |
Sensory nerves | carry messages from sense organs to brain + also called afferent |
Efferent nerves | carry messages from brain to mms + also called motor |
Motor nerves | carry messages from brain to mms + also called efferent |
5th cranial nerve | largest cranial nerve |
5th cranial nerve aka | trifacial or trigeminal |
5th cranial nerve is the chief | sensory nerve of the face |
5th cranial nerve serves as | the motor nerve of chewing mms |
7th cranial nerve is the chief | motor nerve of the face |
7th cranial nerve supplies and controls | facial expression mms |
11th cranial nerve | affects mms of neck and back |
Cervical nerves | cervical cutaneous, greater auricular, greater occipital, lesser occipital |
Circulatory system | controls steady circulation of blood through body via heart and blood vessels |
Lymph vascular system | division of circulatory system that carries waste and impurities away from the cells |
Lymph vascular system function | carry nourishment from blood to body cells, defend against invading bacteria and toxins, remove waste from body cells to blood, and provide fluid environment for cells |
common carotid arteries | main source of blood supply to head, face, and neck |
internal carotid artery | supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear |
external carotid artery | supplies blood to anterior scalp. ear, face, neck, and side of head |
jugular veins | blood from head, face and neck flow to heart through these on either side of the neck |
endocrine | ductless and hormones |
exocrine | ducts and secrete substances to purify body by eliminating waste |
digestive | change food into nutrients and waste |
digestion | takes 9 hours to complete |
Created by:
selfstudy08
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