The Female Reproductive System
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| Cervix ** | Part of the uterus that protrudes into the cavity of the vagina (neck of the uterus)
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| Clitoris | Vaginal erectile tissue (structure) corresponding to the male penis
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| Coitus | sexual union of two people of the opposite sex in which the penis is introduced into the vagina; aka sexual intercourse or copulation
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| Diaphragm | a form of contraception
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| Endometrium | the inner lining of the uterus
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| Estrogen | one of the female hormones that promotes the development of the female secondary sex characteristics
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| Fallopian Tubes | one of a pair of tubes opening at one end into the uterus and at the other end into the peritoneal cavity, over the ovary
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| Fertilization | union of male sperm and a female ovum
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| Gynecology | Study of diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
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| Hymen | Thin layer of elastic, connective tissue membrane that forms a border around the outer opening of the vagina and may partially cover the vaginal opening
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| Labia Majora | two folds of skin containing fatty tissue and covered with hair that lie on either side of the vaginal opening, extending from the mons pubis to the perineum
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| Labia Minora | two folds of hairless skin located within the folds of the labia majora
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| Mammory Glands | The female Breasts
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| Mastectomy | Surgical removal of the breast
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| Mastitis | Inflammation of the breast
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| Menarche ** | First menstrual period
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| Menopause ** | Permanent cessation (stopping) of the menstrual cycle
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| Menstruation ** | periodic shedding of the lining of the nonpregnant uterus through a bloody discharge that passes through the vagina tot he outside of the body
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| Myometrium ** | Muscular layer of the uterine wall
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| Ovary ** | One of a pair of female gonads responsible for producing mature ova (eggs) and releasing them at monthly intervals (ovulation)
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| Ovulation | Release of the mature ovum from the ovary, occuring approximately 14 days prior to the beginning of menses
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| Ovum | Female Reproductive cell; female sex cell or egg
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| Perineum | Area between the vaginal orifice and the anus that consists of muscular and fibrous tissue and serves as support for the pelvic structures
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| Pregnancy | Period of intrauterine development of the fetus from conception through birthProgesterone
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| Premenstrual Syndrome | Group of symptoms that include irritablitiy , fluid retention, tenderness of the breasts, and a general feeling of depression occuring shortly before the onset of menstruation
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| Puberty | Period of life at which the ability to reprouce begins
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| Sperm | Mature male germ cell
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| Uterus | Pear-shaped organ of the female reproductive system that houses the fertilized, implanted ovum as it develops throughout pregnancy
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| Progestorone | One of the female hormones secreted by the corpus luteum and the placenta
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| Vagina | Muscular tube that connects the uterus with the vulva
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| Vulva | external genitalia that consists of the mons pubis, labia majora, clitorid, labia minora, vestibule, urinary meatus, vaginal orifice, Bartholin's glands, and the perineum
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| Amenorrhea ** | Absence of menstrual flow
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| Dysmenorrhea | Painful menstrual flow
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| Menorrhagia | Abnormally long or very heavy menstrual periods
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| Metrorrhagia | Uterine bleeding at times other than the menstrual periods
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| Oligomenorrhea | abnormally light or infrequent menstruation
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| Abstinence | abstain from haing vaginal intercourse
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| Oral Contraceptives | Birth control pills, contain synthetic forms of the hormones estrogen and progesterone and are taken by mouth
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| Depo-Provera Injection | form of contraception administered intramuscularly, approximately once every 12 weeks
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| Tubal Ligation ** | Surgically cutting and tying the fallopian tubes to prevent passage of ova or sperm through the tubes
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| Cervicitis ** | acute or chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix
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| Cystocele | Herniation or downward protrusion of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina
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| Endometrial Carcinoma | Malignant tumor of the inner lining of the uterus
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| Endometriosis ** | Presence and growth of endometrial tissue in areas outside the endometrium (lining of the uterus)
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| Fibrocystic Breast Disease | Presence of single or multiple fluid-filled cysts that are palpable in the breasts
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| Fibroid Tumor | Benign, fibrous tumor of the uterus
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| Ovarian Carcinoma | Malignant tumor of the ovaries, most commonly occurring in women in their 50s
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| Ovarian Cysts | Benign, globular sacs (cysts) that form on or near the ovaries.
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| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease | Infection of the fallopian tubes; also known as salpingitis
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| Stress Incontinence, Urinary | the inabto hold urine when the bladder is stressed b sneezing, coughing, laughing or lifting
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| Vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina and the vulva
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| Colposcopy ** | visual examination of the vagina and cervix with a colposcope
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| Cone Biopsy | Surgical removal of a cone-shaped segment of the cervix for diagnosis or treatment
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| Cryosurgery | Destruction of tissue by rapid freezing with substances such as liquid nitrogen
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| Dilation and Curettage | dilation or widening of the cervical canal with a dilator, followed by scraping of the uterine lining with a curet
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| Endometrial Biopsy | an invasive test for obtaining a sample of endometrial tissue
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| Laparoscopy | process of viewing the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope
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| Mammography | Process of examining with x-ray the soft tissue of the breast to detect various benign and malignant growths before they can be felt
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| Papanicolaou PAP smear | diagnostic test for cervical cancer; that is a microscopic examination of cells scraped from within, aroung, and from the posterior of the cervic
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| Pelvic Ultrasound | noninvasive procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to examine the abdomen and pelvis
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