Condition/Common treatments(s)
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| Absence seizures | Ethosuximide
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| Actue gout attack | NSAIDs, colchicine
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| Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) | All-trans retinoic acid
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| ADHD | Methylphenidate, amphetamines
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| Alcohol abuse | AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family
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| Alcohol withdrawal | Benzodiazepines
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| Anorexia | SSRIs
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| Anticoagulation during pregnancy | Heparin
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| Anxiety | Buspirone
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| Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue | Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
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| B12 deficiency | B12
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| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Tamsulosin, finasteride
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| Bipolar disorder | Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)
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| Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman | Aromatase inhibitor
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| Buerger's disease | Smoking cessation
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| Bulimia | SSRIs
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| Candida albicans | Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitits)
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| Carcinoid syndrome | Octreotide
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| Chlamydia trachomatis | Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophyslaxis in infants)
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| Chronic gout | Porbenecid (underexcretor), alloprinol (overproducer)
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| Chronic hepatitis | IFN-α
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| Chronic myelogenous leukemia | Imatinib
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| Clostridium botulinum | Antitoxin
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| Clostridium difficile | Oral metronidazole
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| Clostridium tetani | Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam
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| Crohn's disease | Corticosteroids,inliximab
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| Cryptococcus neoformans | Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
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| Cystic fibrosis | N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
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| Cytomegalovirus | Ganciclovir
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| Depression | SSRIs (first-line)
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| Diabetes insipidus | Demopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
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| Diabetes mellitus type 1 | Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement
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| Diabetes mellitus type 2 | Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic, and insulin (possible)
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| Diabetic ketoacidosis | Fluids, insulin, K+
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| Enterococci | Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside
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| Erectile dysfunction | Sildenafil
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| ER-positive breast cancer | Tamoxifen
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| Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication | Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
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| Folate deficiency | Folate
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| Haemophilus influenzae (β) | Rifampin (prophylaxis)
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| Hemorrhagic cystitis | Mesna
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| Heparin toxicity (acute) | Protamine sulfate
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| HER2/neu-positive breast cancer | Trastuzumab
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| Hyperaldosteronism | Spironolactone
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| Hypercholesterolemia | Statin (first-line)
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| Hypertriglyceridemia | Fibrate
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| Immediate anticoagulation | Heparin
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| Infertility | Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)
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| Influenza | Amantadine/rimantadine
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| Legionella pneumophila | Erythromycin
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| Long-term anticoagulation | Warfarin
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| Malaria | Choloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
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| Malignant hyperthermiz | Dantrolene
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| Medical abortion | Mifepristone
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| Migrane | Sumatriptan
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| MRSA | Vancomycin
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| Multiple sclerosis | β-interferon
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | RIPES (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin)
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| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)
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| Neisseria meningitidis | Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
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| Neural tube defect prevention | Folate
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| Osteomalacia/rickets | Vitamin D supplementation
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| Patent ductus arteriosus | Indomethacin
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| Pheochromocytoma | α-antagonists
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| Pneumocystis jiroveci | TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
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| Prolactinoma | Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
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| Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids | Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
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| Prostate carcinoma | Flutamide
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| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
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| Pulmonary hypertension | Bosentan
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| Rickettsia rickettsii | Tetracycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
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| Ringworm infection | Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole
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| Schizophrenia (negative symptoms) | 5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., olanzapine)
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| Schizophrenia (positive symptoms) | D2 receptor antagonists
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| SIADH | Demeclocycline, lithium
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| Sickle cell anemia | Hydroxyurea (increase HbF)
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| Sporothrix schenckii | Oral KI
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| Stable angina | Sublingual nitroglycerin
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| Staphylococcus aureus | Methicillin/naficillin
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| Streptococcus bovis | Penicillin prophylaxis
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| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
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| Streptococcus pyogenes | Penicillin prophylaxis
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| Temporal arteritis | High-dose steroids
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| Tonic-clonic seizures | Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
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| Toxoplasma gondii | Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine
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| Treponema pallidum | Penicillin
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| Trichomonas vaginalis | Metronidazole (patient and partner)
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| Ulcerative colitis | 50ASA, infliximab
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| UTI prophylaxis | TMP-SMX
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| Warfarin toxicity | Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)
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| Wegener's granulomatosis | Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
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