HitPro Unit 4 Notes and Q/A
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| The average adult has about ________ liters of blood? | Five
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| What circulates through the body within the blood vessels? | Blood
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| Where are blood cells produced? | Bone Marrow
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| What is the functions of the Blood? | To transport substances throughout the body
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| What are attached to these substances? | Red blood cells or dissolved in plasma
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| What fights againist infection and disease? | White Blood cells
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| What initiates the blood clotting process? | Platelets
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| What is the most important blood in our cells? | White Blood cells
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| What are the three main catergories of Blood Cells? | Erythroctyes (red blood cells) Thrombocytes (platelets) Luekocytes (white blood cells)
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| What do Erythrocytes do? Red Blood Cells | Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
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| What do thrombocytes do? Platelets | Critical in blood clotting
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| What do Leukocytes do? White Blood Cells | Provide protection againist bateria, viruses, and foreign material
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| What is Plasma? | Fluid part of the blood
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| How are carbon dioxide eliminated from the red blood cells? | They are eliminated through the lungs of the respiratory system.
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| Without Thrombocytes what would happen if you were cut? | You would bleed out due to not having the ability to clot.
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| Blood cells are carried through what? | Plasma
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| There are four blood groups, name them? | Group A, Group B, Group AB, Group O
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| Name and describe the two blood types for Group A? | Type A is the primary in this group and has antigens on the red cells while Type B has antibodies in the Plasma
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| Name and describe the two blood types for Group B? | Type B is the primary in the group and has antigens on the red cells while the antibodies are in the plasma.
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| Name and describe the two blood types for Group AB? | Type AB contains both A and B antigens on the red cells while neither A nor B contain antibodies in the plasma
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| Name and describe the two blood types for Group O? | Neither A nor B antigens are on the red cells while both A and B antibodies are in the plasma.
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| What is A in the blood type mean? | A is an antigen
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| What is B in the blood type mean? | B is an Antibody
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| What does AB in the blood type mean? | Both AB have antigens on red cells and neither A nor B have antibodies in the plasma
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| What does O in the blood type mean? | Neither A nor B antigens are in the red cells. Both A and B antibodies are in the plasma
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| Which Blood Group is known as an universal donor? | Group O
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| What are the two RH factors for Blood donors? | Rh- and Rh+
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| Which blood can be given to Rh- patients? | Rh-
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| Rh- and Rh+ blood can be given to what blood patient? | Rh+
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| Universal red cell donor has what Blood type and Rh factor? | 0 negative
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| Universal plasma donor is what blood type and Rh factor? | AB positive
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| Iron deficiency is called what? | Anemia
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| Iron makes _______ which gives blood its red color? | Hemoglobin
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| Low iron levels might be due to what? | Heavy periods, pregnancy, ulcers, colon polyps, colon cancer, inherited disorders, a diet that dones not have enough iron
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| What is Anemia? | A low iron deficiency
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| Anemia can make you feel weak, cold, dizzy, and irritable. |
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| How can you confirm Anemia? | with a blood test.
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| What can you do to treat Iron Deficiency Anemia? | Increase iron-rich foods, take Iron Supplements and make take months to correct.
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| What is Sickle Cell Anemia? | Abnormally shaped red blood cells
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| What are Sickle cells shaped like? | Crescent or Sickle
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| Sickle cell is a trait that leads to what>? | Anemia
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| What happens to these blood cells? | The are more fragile and more easily ruptured
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| What causes blood vessels to get stuck or blocking blood flow? | sickle cells
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| What are common damages caused by Sickle cell? | Pain and organ damage.
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| Where does Sickle Cell Anemia come from? | Genetics
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| In order to have Sickle Cell Anemia, what has to happen? | Both parents must pass one sickle cell gene
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| What happens if only one sickle cell gene is passed? | Then sickle cell trait exist in that person.
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| Sickle Cell Trait is in 1 in 12 what demographic? | African Americans
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| How do you diagnose Sickle Cell anemia? | Blood Test
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| Does Sickle Cell treatment have a widely available cure? | No
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| Treaments relieve symptons? | TRUE
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| What are the goals of treatment? | Relieve pain, prevent infections, organ damage, or strokes and trying to control complications
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| What are common symptons associated with Sicke Cell anemia? | Pain, Organ Damage, Strokes, and control complications
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| What is Chrom/o? | Color
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| What is Coagul/o? | Clotting
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| What is Erythr/o? | Red
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| What is Granul/o? | Granules
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| What is hemat/o? | blood
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| What is leuk/o? | White
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| What is thromb/o? | clot
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| What are the Organs of the Lymphatic Systems? | Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic vessels, Thymus Gland, Spleen, Tonsils
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| What are the functions of the Lymphatic sytem? | Network of Vessels Picks up excess tissue fluid, cleanses it and returns it to the circulatory system Picks up fats absorbed by the digestive system
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| What are the functions of the Immune System? | Fights dsease and infections
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| What is an Immunity? | The bodys ability to defend itself
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| What are two forms of Immunity? | Natural and Acquired Immunities
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| What does pathogens does immunities target? | Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, toxins, and cancerous tumors
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| Natural Immunity also known as innate immunity are | Not specific to a particular disease and don’t require prior exposure to pathogen.
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| White Blood Cells (WBCs) normally have to ingest a pathogen to gain an aquired immunity. |
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| What are two Acquired Immunities? | Passive or Active Immunity which depends on the bodys response to a specific pathogen.
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| What is a Passive Acquired Immunity? | A result when a person receives protective substance produced by another human or animal. Examples; maternal antibodies or antitoxin from animals.
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| What is Active Acquired Immunity? | Immunities developed after direct exposure to a pathogen.
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| Active acquired immunites stimulates immune response - series of mechanisms designed to neutralize pathogen. Immunizations also provide active aquired immunity by receiving live virus. |
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| What is edema? | The swelling that developes from an increase in the amount of fluid in the body or a blockage in the lymphatic system
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| What are some causes of Lymhpedema? | Infection, Cancer, Scar Tissue from radiation therapy or removal of lympnodes and inherited conditions
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| What are some Treatments of Lymphedema? | Medical treats for Lymphedema are physical methods such as compression stockings or medicines.
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| What is Tonsillitis? | The inflammation of the Tonsils
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| What are some signs and symptons of Tonsillitis? | Swollen Tonsils, sore throat, and difficulty swallowing
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| What are causes of Tonsillitis? | Bacteria and common virus
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| What kind of treatment can be done? | Tonsillectomy Removal of the tonsils
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| How many oval shape pad(s) are in the back of the throat? | Two oval shaped pads of tissues with one on each side.
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| What does AIDS stand for? | Acquired immundodeficiency syndrome
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| What is the Most advanced stage of the infection? | Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
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| ________ is a virus that kills or damages cells of the body's immune system? | HIV
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| HIV is spread by what? | Having unprotected sex, sharing needles, having contact with blood of an infected person
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| What are some symptons of AIDS? | Swollen Glands or Flu-like symptons often first, severe symptons may not appear for months or years and allow for opportunistic infections.
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| How do you diagnose AIDS? | A blood test can confirm HIV infection.
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| What is the treatment? | There is no cure, but people can live for many years. Many medications are available which fight both the HIV infection and the infections and cancers that come with it/.
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| What is Adenoid/o? | adenoids
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| What is immun/o? | Protection
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| What is lymph/o | Lymph
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| What is lymphaden/o? | Lymph Nodes
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| What is lymphangi/o? | Lymph Vessel
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