Digestive System Gr
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| aliment/o | Nourish
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| an/o | Anus
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| gingiv/o | Gums
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| hem/o | Blood
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| hemat/o | Blood
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| hiat/o | Opening
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| append/o | Appendix
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| bucc/o | Cheek
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| hepat/o | Liver
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| ile/o | Ileum
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| jejun/o | Jejunum
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| labi/o | Lip
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| lingu/o | Tongue
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| lith/o | Stone
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| or/o | Mouth
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| odont/o | Tooth
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| palat/o | Palate
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| proct/o | Anus, Rectum
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| pancreat/o | Pancreas
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| pharyng/o | Pharynx
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| peridont/o | Gums
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| peps/o | Digest, Digestion
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| pyr/o | Pylorus of the stomach
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| rug/o | Wrinkle, Fold
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| stomat/o | Mouth of the stomach or organ
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| sial/o | Saliva, Salivary glands
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| sigmoid/o | Sigmoid colon
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| uvul/o | Uvula (little grape)
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| vill/o | Tuft of hair
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| gastr/o | Stomach
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| gloss/o | Tongue
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| enter/o | Small intestine
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| esophag/o | Esophagus
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| divert/i | Turning aside, bypass
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| dent/i | Tooth
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| dent/o | Tooth
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| decidu/o | Falling off, shedding
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| colon/o | Colon, (Large intestine)
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| col/o | Colon (Large intestine)
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| cyst/o | Bladder
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| cholelith/o | Gallstone
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| cholangi/o | Bile Vessel
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| choledoch/o | Bile duct
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| chol/e | Bile
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| cec/o | Cecum
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| celi/o | Abdomen
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| cheil/o | Lip
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| a-, an- | Without
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| dia- | Through, across
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| per- | Through
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| ultra- | Excess, beyond
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| dys- | Bad, Painful, Difficult
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| endo- | Within, in
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| peri- | Around
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| -emesis | Vomit
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| -iasis | Abnormal condition of
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| -megaly | Enlargment
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| -orexia | appetite
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| -pepsia | Digestion
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| -phagia | Swallowing, eating
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| -prandial | Meal
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| -rrhea | Discharge, flow
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| ABC | Aspiration Biopsy Cytology
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| GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
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| alk phos | Alkaline Phosphate
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| GI | Digestive
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| HAV | Hepatitis A virus
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| HBV | Hepatitis B virus
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| HCV | Hepatitis C virus
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| HDV | Hepatitis D virus
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| HEV | HEpatitis E virus
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| IBS | Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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| NG | Nasogastric
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| PUD | Peptic Ulcer Disease
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| R/O | Rule Out
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| SGOT | Former name for AST
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| SGPT | former name of ALT
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| GER | Gastroesophageal reflux
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| GBS | Gallbladder Series
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| GB | Gallbladder
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| ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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| EGD | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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| CT | Computed Tomography
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| BM | Bowel Movement
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| BaE | Barium Enema
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| Ba | Barium
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| ALT | Alkaline phosphatase
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| AST | Angiotensin Sensitivity Test
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| How long is the small intestine | 20 feet long. It begins at the pyloric sphincter & extends at the large intestine.
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| What are the 3 parts of the small intestine | Duodenum, Jejunum Ileum,
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| How long is the Duodenum | 10 inches long, it is the uppermost segment of the small intestine
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| How long is the Jejunum | approx 8 feet long
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| How long is the Ileum | 12 feet long
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| Where is digestion completed | In the small inestine, with help of additional enzymes & secretions from the pancreas & liver
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| What absorbs the nutrients from the chyme | The little finger-like projections called villi
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| How long is the large intestine | 5 feet long. It begins at the end of the ileum & extends to the anus
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| What are the 3 main components of the large intestine | the Cecum, Colon, and Rectum
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| How long is the Cecum | The Cecum is the first 2 or 3 inches of the large intestine. It is a small pouch that hangs inferior to the ileocecal valve.
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| What is projecting downward from the Cecum | a worm like structure called the appendix
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| What are the main functions of the colon | To absorb water & minerals & eliminate undigested material.
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| How is the colon divided | Ascending, Transverse, Descending & sigmoid portions
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| What does the Liver do | It produces bile(used in small intestine to emulsify & absorb fats),removes glucose from blood to synthesize glycogen&retain it for later.stores vit B12,A,D,E&K.Destroys/transforms toxic products to less harmful compounds,destroys old red blood cells
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| What does the Pancreas do | It performs endocrine&exocrine functions. As endocrine,it secretes insulin directly into the blood stream to maintain normal blood glucose levels.Exocrine,it produces digestive enzymes that pass into the duodenum through common bile duct.
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| How is bile drained | From the liver through the right hepatic duct & the left hepatic duct
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| What is an Ulcer | A circumscribed open sore, on the skin or mucous membranes within the body.
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| What are 2 main types of peptic ulcers | Gastric ulcers(they develop in the stomach) & duodenal ulcers(which develop in the duodenum)
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| What is Ulcerative Colitis | A chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine & rectum. Inflammation only involves mucosal lining of the colon&affected portion of the colon is uniformly involved with no patches of healthy mucosal tissue evident.
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| What is a Hernia | A protrusion of any organ,tissue,or structure through the wall of the cavity in which it is naturally contained
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| What is an Intestinal Obstruction | A partial or complete blockage in the small or large intestine that prevents from forward flow of digestive products.
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| What are the 2 forms of Intestinal Obstruction | Mechanical Blockage*ileus(tumors,scar tissue,intestinal twisting,intestinal telescoping,strangulated hernia,or the presence of foreign bodies).Nonmechanical Blockage*paralytic ileus(peristaltic movement is lacking or absent.
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| What is a Hemorrhoid | An enlarged vein in the mucous membrane of the anal canal.
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| What is Diverticulosis | A condition in which small,blisterlike pockets develop in the inner lining of the large intestine&may balloon through the intestinal wall.
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| BMI | Body Mass Index
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| BM | Bowel Movement
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| LFT | Liver Function Test
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| PE | Physical Examination
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| PTHC | Percutaneous Transphatic Cholangeography
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| stat, STAT | Immediately
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| PMH | Past Medical History
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| RGB | Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
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| a.c | Before meals
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| qAM | Every morning
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| q.d. | Every day
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| q.h. | Every hour
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| q.2h. | Every 2hours
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| q.i.d. | Four times a day
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| q.o.d. | Every other day
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| qPM | Every evening
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| t.i.d. | Three times a day
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| p.r.n. | As required
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| p.o. | By mouth
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| pc, p.c. | After meals
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| NPO, n.p.o. | Nothing by mouth
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| h.s. | At bedtime
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| hs | Half Strength
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| b.i.d. | twice a day
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| How many salivary glands are there and what are they called | 3 pairs. Parotid Gland, Sublingual Gland & Submandibular Gland
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| What are the 4 types of teeth | Incisors(8teeth), Canines(4teeth), Cuspids(8teeth), Molars(12teeth)
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| What is food called after it is chewed up | Bolus
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| What are the 3 sections of the Pharynx called | Nasopharynx,Oropharynx,Laryngopharynx
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| What are the 3 portions of the stomach | (Top) Fundus, (Central) Body, (Bottom) Pylorus
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| What is the condition of the bowl twisting upon itself | Volvulus
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| What is the wavelike muscular contractions that move food through the GI tract | Peristalsis
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| Obstipation | Severe constipation
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| Aerophagia | Swallowing Air
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| Rupturing of the spleen | Splenorrhexis
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| Passage of fat in the feces | Steatorrhea
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| Returning of liquids/food from the stomach to the esophagus or mouth | Regurgitation
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| Mastication | The act of chewing
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| Joining of two hollows structures | Anastomosis
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| Eructation | Burping
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| Destruction of stones using sound waves | Lithotripsy
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| The act of swallowing | Deglutition
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| What is the black tarry stools due to blood in the GI tract | Melena
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| White patches in the mouth or on the tongue | Leukoplakia
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| Gurgling sound as gas passes through the large intestines | Boryborygmus
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| Halitosis | Bad breath
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