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Digestive System Gr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aliment/o | Nourish |
| an/o | Anus |
| gingiv/o | Gums |
| hem/o | Blood |
| hemat/o | Blood |
| hiat/o | Opening |
| append/o | Appendix |
| bucc/o | Cheek |
| hepat/o | Liver |
| ile/o | Ileum |
| jejun/o | Jejunum |
| labi/o | Lip |
| lingu/o | Tongue |
| lith/o | Stone |
| or/o | Mouth |
| odont/o | Tooth |
| palat/o | Palate |
| proct/o | Anus, Rectum |
| pancreat/o | Pancreas |
| pharyng/o | Pharynx |
| peridont/o | Gums |
| peps/o | Digest, Digestion |
| pyr/o | Pylorus of the stomach |
| rug/o | Wrinkle, Fold |
| stomat/o | Mouth of the stomach or organ |
| sial/o | Saliva, Salivary glands |
| sigmoid/o | Sigmoid colon |
| uvul/o | Uvula (little grape) |
| vill/o | Tuft of hair |
| gastr/o | Stomach |
| gloss/o | Tongue |
| enter/o | Small intestine |
| esophag/o | Esophagus |
| divert/i | Turning aside, bypass |
| dent/i | Tooth |
| dent/o | Tooth |
| decidu/o | Falling off, shedding |
| colon/o | Colon, (Large intestine) |
| col/o | Colon (Large intestine) |
| cyst/o | Bladder |
| cholelith/o | Gallstone |
| cholangi/o | Bile Vessel |
| choledoch/o | Bile duct |
| chol/e | Bile |
| cec/o | Cecum |
| celi/o | Abdomen |
| cheil/o | Lip |
| a-, an- | Without |
| dia- | Through, across |
| per- | Through |
| ultra- | Excess, beyond |
| dys- | Bad, Painful, Difficult |
| endo- | Within, in |
| peri- | Around |
| -emesis | Vomit |
| -iasis | Abnormal condition of |
| -megaly | Enlargment |
| -orexia | appetite |
| -pepsia | Digestion |
| -phagia | Swallowing, eating |
| -prandial | Meal |
| -rrhea | Discharge, flow |
| ABC | Aspiration Biopsy Cytology |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| alk phos | Alkaline Phosphate |
| GI | Digestive |
| HAV | Hepatitis A virus |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
| HDV | Hepatitis D virus |
| HEV | HEpatitis E virus |
| IBS | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| NG | Nasogastric |
| PUD | Peptic Ulcer Disease |
| R/O | Rule Out |
| SGOT | Former name for AST |
| SGPT | former name of ALT |
| GER | Gastroesophageal reflux |
| GBS | Gallbladder Series |
| GB | Gallbladder |
| ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| EGD | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| BM | Bowel Movement |
| BaE | Barium Enema |
| Ba | Barium |
| ALT | Alkaline phosphatase |
| AST | Angiotensin Sensitivity Test |
| How long is the small intestine | 20 feet long. It begins at the pyloric sphincter & extends at the large intestine. |
| What are the 3 parts of the small intestine | Duodenum, Jejunum Ileum, |
| How long is the Duodenum | 10 inches long, it is the uppermost segment of the small intestine |
| How long is the Jejunum | approx 8 feet long |
| How long is the Ileum | 12 feet long |
| Where is digestion completed | In the small inestine, with help of additional enzymes & secretions from the pancreas & liver |
| What absorbs the nutrients from the chyme | The little finger-like projections called villi |
| How long is the large intestine | 5 feet long. It begins at the end of the ileum & extends to the anus |
| What are the 3 main components of the large intestine | the Cecum, Colon, and Rectum |
| How long is the Cecum | The Cecum is the first 2 or 3 inches of the large intestine. It is a small pouch that hangs inferior to the ileocecal valve. |
| What is projecting downward from the Cecum | a worm like structure called the appendix |
| What are the main functions of the colon | To absorb water & minerals & eliminate undigested material. |
| How is the colon divided | Ascending, Transverse, Descending & sigmoid portions |
| What does the Liver do | It produces bile(used in small intestine to emulsify & absorb fats),removes glucose from blood to synthesize glycogen&retain it for later.stores vit B12,A,D,E&K.Destroys/transforms toxic products to less harmful compounds,destroys old red blood cells |
| What does the Pancreas do | It performs endocrine&exocrine functions. As endocrine,it secretes insulin directly into the blood stream to maintain normal blood glucose levels.Exocrine,it produces digestive enzymes that pass into the duodenum through common bile duct. |
| How is bile drained | From the liver through the right hepatic duct & the left hepatic duct |
| What is an Ulcer | A circumscribed open sore, on the skin or mucous membranes within the body. |
| What are 2 main types of peptic ulcers | Gastric ulcers(they develop in the stomach) & duodenal ulcers(which develop in the duodenum) |
| What is Ulcerative Colitis | A chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine & rectum. Inflammation only involves mucosal lining of the colon&affected portion of the colon is uniformly involved with no patches of healthy mucosal tissue evident. |
| What is a Hernia | A protrusion of any organ,tissue,or structure through the wall of the cavity in which it is naturally contained |
| What is an Intestinal Obstruction | A partial or complete blockage in the small or large intestine that prevents from forward flow of digestive products. |
| What are the 2 forms of Intestinal Obstruction | Mechanical Blockage*ileus(tumors,scar tissue,intestinal twisting,intestinal telescoping,strangulated hernia,or the presence of foreign bodies).Nonmechanical Blockage*paralytic ileus(peristaltic movement is lacking or absent. |
| What is a Hemorrhoid | An enlarged vein in the mucous membrane of the anal canal. |
| What is Diverticulosis | A condition in which small,blisterlike pockets develop in the inner lining of the large intestine&may balloon through the intestinal wall. |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| BM | Bowel Movement |
| LFT | Liver Function Test |
| PE | Physical Examination |
| PTHC | Percutaneous Transphatic Cholangeography |
| stat, STAT | Immediately |
| PMH | Past Medical History |
| RGB | Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass |
| a.c | Before meals |
| qAM | Every morning |
| q.d. | Every day |
| q.h. | Every hour |
| q.2h. | Every 2hours |
| q.i.d. | Four times a day |
| q.o.d. | Every other day |
| qPM | Every evening |
| t.i.d. | Three times a day |
| p.r.n. | As required |
| p.o. | By mouth |
| pc, p.c. | After meals |
| NPO, n.p.o. | Nothing by mouth |
| h.s. | At bedtime |
| hs | Half Strength |
| b.i.d. | twice a day |
| How many salivary glands are there and what are they called | 3 pairs. Parotid Gland, Sublingual Gland & Submandibular Gland |
| What are the 4 types of teeth | Incisors(8teeth), Canines(4teeth), Cuspids(8teeth), Molars(12teeth) |
| What is food called after it is chewed up | Bolus |
| What are the 3 sections of the Pharynx called | Nasopharynx,Oropharynx,Laryngopharynx |
| What are the 3 portions of the stomach | (Top) Fundus, (Central) Body, (Bottom) Pylorus |
| What is the condition of the bowl twisting upon itself | Volvulus |
| What is the wavelike muscular contractions that move food through the GI tract | Peristalsis |
| Obstipation | Severe constipation |
| Aerophagia | Swallowing Air |
| Rupturing of the spleen | Splenorrhexis |
| Passage of fat in the feces | Steatorrhea |
| Returning of liquids/food from the stomach to the esophagus or mouth | Regurgitation |
| Mastication | The act of chewing |
| Joining of two hollows structures | Anastomosis |
| Eructation | Burping |
| Destruction of stones using sound waves | Lithotripsy |
| The act of swallowing | Deglutition |
| What is the black tarry stools due to blood in the GI tract | Melena |
| White patches in the mouth or on the tongue | Leukoplakia |
| Gurgling sound as gas passes through the large intestines | Boryborygmus |
| Halitosis | Bad breath |
Created by:
Brittanyyy
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