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Chapter 12 - The Heart

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show heart, thoracic  
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show to pump blood  
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the diaphragm is directly ______ the heart.   show
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in the embryo, the heart begins to beat at __ weeks of age.   show
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show pericardial  
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There are three layers of pericardial membranes. What are they?   show
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show The outermost layer  
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What is the fibrous pericardium?   show
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What is another name for the visceral pericardium?   show
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Between the parietal and visceral pericardial membranes is ______ fluid.   show
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What is the function of serous fluid?   show
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the _____ of the four chambers of the heart are made of cardiac muscle called the myocardium.   show
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How many chambers does the heart have?   show
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endocardium is simple _________ ___________ lining the 4 chambers, valves and vessels.   show
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show the right and left atria  
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what is the name of the wall that seperates the right and left atria?   show
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show ventricles  
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the right and left ventricles are seperated by thick walls called the ___________ ______.   show
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What does the atria recieve blood from?   show
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the ventricles pump blood to either the _____ or the _____.   show
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show right atrium  
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the superior _____ _____ carries blood from the upper body.   show
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show inferior vena cava  
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from the right atrium, blood will flow through the right atrioventricular valve or the _________ _____ into the right ventricle.   show
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the triscupid valve is made of three ____ or cusps of the endocardium reinforced with connective tissue.   show
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show to prevent backflow of blood  
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the specific purpose of the _______ valve is to prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium when the right ventricle __________.   show
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as the ventricle contracts, blood is forced behind the three valve flaps, forcing them _______ and together to _____ the valve   show
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the left atrium receives blood from the lungs, by way of four _________ veins.   show
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the left atrioventricular valve is also referred to as the _____ valve or the _________ valve.   show
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show ventricle, atrium, contracts  
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show atria  
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show atrial natriuretic hormone.  
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What is the function of the atrial natriuretic hormone?   show
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show decreases  
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show volume, pressure  
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show aldosterone, raises  
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when the right ventricle contracts, the _________ valve ________ and the blood is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.   show
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show pulmonary valve  
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the pulmonary valve has __ (number) flaps which are forced open when the right ventricle ______ and pumps blood in to the _________ artery.   show
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show relaxes, backflow, right  
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show papillary muscles  
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show chordae tendonae  
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when the right ventricle contracts, the papillary muscles also contract and pull on the chordae tendonae to _______ inversion of the ________ valve.   show
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which walls are thicker the left ventricle or the right ventricle?   show
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show to enable the left ventricle to contract more forcefully.  
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the left ventricle pumps blood to the body through the _____.   show
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true or false: the aorta is the third largest artery in the body.   show
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show at the junction of the aorta and the left ventricle.  
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show contraction, mitral  
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show closes, relaxes  
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show left  
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the flaps of the mitral valve are also anchored by ________ _________ and papillary muscles.   show
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what is the fibrous connective tissue that anchors the outer edges of the valve flaps and keeps the valve openings from stretching?   show
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show myocardium, ventricles  
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show deoxygenated, lungs  
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the left side of the heart receives _________ blood from the lungs and pumps it to the ______.   show
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both atria work _______.   show
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at what part of the heart are the right and left coronary arteries located?   show
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the coronary capillaries merge to form coronary ______.   show
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show right atrium  
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what is the purpose of the coronary vessels?   show
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show oxygen  
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what happens when a coronary artery becomes obstructed by a blood clot?   show
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what is ischemic?   show
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what is the medical term for a heart attack?   show
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what causes a myocardial infarction.   show
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show one  
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show systole  
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blood is constantly flowing from the _____ into both _____.   show
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as blood accumulates, its pressure forces open the right and left ___ ______.   show
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show passively  
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show ventricles  
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show flap, closes  
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most blood flows passively from _____ to ______.   show
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show actively, ventricles  
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if any of the valves do not close properly and extra sound called a _____ ______ can be heard.   show
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show a stethoscope  
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show electrical, myocardium  
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show spontaneously.  
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what is stenosis?   show
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what are intercalated discs?   show
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where are intercalated discs?   show
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show electrical impluse  
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show sinoatrial node or the SA node  
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show a specialized group of cardiac muscles located in the wall of the right atrium just below the opening of the SVA.  
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where is the atriventricular (AV) node located?   show
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the transmission of _______ from the SA node to the AV node and to the rest of the atrial _________ brings about atrial ______.   show
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what carries the signal from the AV node to the bundle branches?   show
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show the bundle of His.  
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show purkinje  
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show the electrocardiogram (ECG)  
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what are arrythmias?   show
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_________ is uncoordinated contraction?   show
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show measurement of the heart rate at a vessel  
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what is a normal pulse range for adults?   show
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______ is less than 60 BPM.   show
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tachycardia is more than ___ BPM.   show
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show pumped  
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stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped by a ventricle in __ ______.   show
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cardiac reserve is the difference between _______ output and _______ output in liters.   show
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the ______ has the ability to influence the rate of contraction.   show
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the medulla contains two cardiac centers. what are they?   show
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show heart rate is carried out by the SNS  
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show heart rate is carried out by the PSNS  
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__________ and/or baroreceptors detect pressure in the arteries.   show
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show located in the carotid and aortic sinuses.  
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chemoreceptors detect ______ content in the _____.   show
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show located in the carotid and aortic bodies  
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