Chapter 12 - The Heart
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| The ______ is in the _______ cavity between the lungs in the space called the mediastinum. | show 🗑
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| what is the function of the hear? | show 🗑
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| the diaphragm is directly ______ the heart. | show 🗑
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| show | four
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| The heart is enclosed in the ________ membranes. | show 🗑
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| There are three layers of pericardial membranes. What are they? | show 🗑
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| show | The outermost layer
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| show | A loose fitting sac of strong fibrous connective tissue that extends inferiorly over the diaphragm and superiorly over the bases of the large vessels that enter and leave the heart.
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| show | epicardium
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| show | serous
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| What is the function of serous fluid? | show 🗑
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| the _____ of the four chambers of the heart are made of cardiac muscle called the myocardium. | show 🗑
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| show | four
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| endocardium is simple _________ ___________ lining the 4 chambers, valves and vessels. | show 🗑
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| What are the names of the upper chambers of the heart? | show 🗑
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| show | interatrial septum
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| the lower chambers of the heart are called the right and left ________. | show 🗑
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| the right and left ventricles are seperated by thick walls called the ___________ ______. | show 🗑
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| What does the atria recieve blood from? | show 🗑
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| the ventricles pump blood to either the _____ or the _____. | show 🗑
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| the two large caval veins return blood from the body to the ______ ______. | show 🗑
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| show | vena cava
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| show | inferior vena cava
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| show | tricuspid valve
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| show | flaps
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| show | to prevent backflow of blood
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| the specific purpose of the _______ valve is to prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium when the right ventricle __________. | show 🗑
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| as the ventricle contracts, blood is forced behind the three valve flaps, forcing them _______ and together to _____ the valve | show 🗑
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| show | pulmonary
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| show | mitral, bicuspid
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| the mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the left _______ to the ______ atrium when the left ventricle _________. | show 🗑
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| show | atria
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| show | atrial natriuretic hormone.
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| What is the function of the atrial natriuretic hormone? | show 🗑
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| ANP __________ the reabsorption of sodium ions by the kidneys. | show 🗑
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| the loss of water lowers the blood _______ and blood ________. | show 🗑
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| show | aldosterone, raises
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| show | tricuspid, closes
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| another name for the pulmonary semilunar valve is what? | show 🗑
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| show | 3, contracts, pulmonary
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| show | relaxes, backflow, right
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| show | papillary muscles
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| show | chordae tendonae
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| show | prevent, tricuspid
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| show | the left ventricle
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| show | to enable the left ventricle to contract more forcefully.
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| the left ventricle pumps blood to the body through the _____. | show 🗑
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| show | false. it is the largest artery in the body
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| where is the aortic semilunar valve? | show 🗑
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| show | contraction, mitral
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| the aortic valve _____ when the left ventricle _______. | show 🗑
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| show | left
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| show | chordae tendonae
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| show | fibrous skeleton of the heart
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| show | myocardium, ventricles
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| the right side of the heart recieves ____________ blood from the body and pumps it to the _______. | show 🗑
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| the left side of the heart receives _________ blood from the lungs and pumps it to the ______. | show 🗑
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| show | simultaneously
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| at what part of the heart are the right and left coronary arteries located? | show 🗑
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| the coronary capillaries merge to form coronary ______. | show 🗑
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| the coronary veins empty blood into the large coronary sinus that returns blood to the ______ _______. | show 🗑
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| show | to supply blood to the myocardium.
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| show | oxygen
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| what happens when a coronary artery becomes obstructed by a blood clot? | show 🗑
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| show | the myocardium becomes deprived of its blolod supply.
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| show | a myocardial infarction
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| what causes a myocardial infarction. | show 🗑
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| the cardiac cycle is the sequence of events in ___ heartbeat. | show 🗑
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| _____ is another term for contraction. | show 🗑
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| show | veins, atria
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| as blood accumulates, its pressure forces open the right and left ___ ______. | show 🗑
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| show | passively
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| when the atria contract, it pumps the remaining blood into the ________. | show 🗑
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| ventricular contraction forces blood against the _____ of the right and left AV valve and _____ them. | show 🗑
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| show | atria, ventricles
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| ALL blood to the arteries is ______ pumped by the ______. | show 🗑
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| if any of the valves do not close properly and extra sound called a _____ ______ can be heard. | show 🗑
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| What medical device do you most commonly use to listen to the heart beat? | show 🗑
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| the cardiac cycles is a sequence of mechanical events that is regulated by the _______ activity of the ______. | show 🗑
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| cardiac muscles have the ability to contract __________. | show 🗑
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| what is stenosis? | show 🗑
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| what are intercalated discs? | show 🗑
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| where are intercalated discs? | show 🗑
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| show | electrical impluse
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| show | sinoatrial node or the SA node
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| show | a specialized group of cardiac muscles located in the wall of the right atrium just below the opening of the SVA.
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| show | in the lower interatrial septum.
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| the transmission of _______ from the SA node to the AV node and to the rest of the atrial _________ brings about atrial ______. | show 🗑
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| what carries the signal from the AV node to the bundle branches? | show 🗑
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| what is another name for the atrioventricular bundle? | show 🗑
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| ______ fibers brin the signal to the ventricles. | show 🗑
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| show | the electrocardiogram (ECG)
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| show | irregular heartbeats
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| _________ is uncoordinated contraction? | show 🗑
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| what is pulse? | show 🗑
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| what is a normal pulse range for adults? | show 🗑
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| ______ is less than 60 BPM. | show 🗑
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| tachycardia is more than ___ BPM. | show 🗑
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| show | pumped
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| show | one beaat
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| show | resting, maximum
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| the ______ has the ability to influence the rate of contraction. | show 🗑
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| show | the accelerator center and the inhibitory center
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| show | heart rate is carried out by the SNS
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| what is the inhibitory center? | show 🗑
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| show | pressoreceptors
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| show | located in the carotid and aortic sinuses.
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| show | oxygen, blood
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| show | located in the carotid and aortic bodies
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