Cells
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| Smallest iving subunit o a multicellular organism | Cell
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| Selectively permeable | Cell/plasma membrane
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| Made of phospholipids, cholesterol, and protein | Cell/plasma membrane
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| Phospholipid bilayer | double layer
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| Allows lipid soluble compounds to move in and out by difussion | Phospholipid bilayer
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| Decreases fluidity stabilizing the membrane | Cholesterol
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| Receptor sites for hormones or other compounds | Proteins
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| All cells mature except | RBC
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| Nucleus have _____layered nuclear membrane | Double
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| Nucleus contains | chromosomes
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| Nucleus contains ___chromosomes | 46
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| Nucleus made of threads of | chromatin
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| Nucleus contains | The genetic code for one protien
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| LIquid solution of dissolved minerals, gases and other molecules | Cytoplasm
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| "Organs" of the cell | Organells
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| Found on ER or floating in cytoplasm | Ribosomes
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| Synthesizes protein | Ribosomes
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| Barrel shaped organelles made of enzymes that cut protein molecules apart | Proteasomes
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| Gets rid of damaged proteins that have been tagged by ubiquitin | Proteasomes
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| ER | Endoplasmic Riticulum
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| Allows us to use the AAs to build protien in ribosomes | Proteasomes
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| Membranous tubules that extent from nuclear membrane to the cell membrane | Endoplasmic Ritiulum
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| ER (2types) | Rough Smooth
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| Ribosomes on the surface | Rough ER
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| synthesizes proteins in the ribosomes | Rough ER
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| No ribosomes on the surface | Smooth ER
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| Sythesizes lipids | Smooth ER
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| Fat membranous sacs stacked like pancakes | Golgi Apparatus
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| sythesizes and package carbohydrates | Golgi Apparatus
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| Golgi Apparatus synthezises and packages____ | Carbohydrates
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| Mitochondria (sing. | Mitochdrian
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| Power house of the cell | Mitochondria
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| Has double membrane folds called cristae | Mitochondria
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| ATP production | Mitochondria
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| Mitochondria have their own separate____ | DNA
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| Mitochondria _____ during cell division | Duplicates
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| Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes called | Lysozymes
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| Lysosomes digest bacteria during ____ or WBC | phagocytosis
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| Phagocyte | A cell that engulfs and consumes foreign material
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| Rod shaped | Centrioles
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| Organize spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division | Centrioles
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| Centriols organized spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during ____ | cell division
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| Hair like projections on certain cells | Cilia
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| Cilia (sing) | Cilium
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| Beat in unison causeing wave-like motion to move things acros the surface DOES NOT MOVE CELL | Cilia
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| Found on fallopian tubes, airways in lungs | Cilia
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| Flagella (sing) | flagellum
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| Thread like projection through the cell membrance | Flagella
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| Provides motility | Flagella
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| Flagella provides_____ | motility
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| ______ is the only human cell with flagellum | Sperm
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| Folds in the cell membrane that increase surface area to increase funtion | Microvilli
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| Microvilli are fold in the _____ that increase ____ are and increase_____. | Cell membrane, surface, function
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| Increase absorption in small intestines and kidney tubules | Microvilli
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| Pinched off plasma membranes during phagocytosis and pinocytosis | Vacules
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| Pinocytosis | the uptake of fluid by a cell by pinching off cell membrane
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| Mechanisms to move substances in and out of the cell | Cellular transport mechanism
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| Forms of cellular transport (7) | Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, phagocytosis, pinocytosis
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| Diffusion | movement of molecules from greater area of cencentration ot an area of lower concentration until equalibrium is reached
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| Diffusion is from an area of _____ concentration to an area of ____ till ____ is reached | Greater, lower, equalibrium
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| Molecules randomly move until evenly dispersed in solid, liquid or gas | Diffusion
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| Diffusion of water through semi permiable membrane | Osmosis
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| Water moves from area of high concentration to are of low concentration till equalibrium is reached | Osmosis
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| Equal concentration of solutes | Isotonic
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| Low concentration of solutes | Hypotonic
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| High concentraiton of solutes | Hypertonic
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| Osmosi occurs becuse membrane will not allow anything but _____ to cross | Water
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| Facilitated diffusion | molecules through a membrane with help from protein in the cell membrane called transporters or carrier enzymes
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| Facilitated diffusion ex | Glucose, AA
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| energy requiring process of moving molecules against a concentration gradiend ( lesser to greater) | Active transport
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| Active transport requires | Filtration
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| Substances are forced through membane by mechanical pressure | Filtration
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| During filtrations substances are forced through membane by mechanical ______ | pressure
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| bring nutrients ro cells and waste products out of the blood and kidneys | Filtration
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| White cells engulf something | Phagocytosis
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| Makes vacuoles | Phagocytosis
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| Stationary cells engulf something | Pinocytosis
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| Double strand of nucleotides | DNA
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| Made of A T G C | DNA
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| Sequence or ATGC determines | genetic code
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| gene | the genetic code for one protein
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| ______synthesis occurs in the ribosomes | Protein
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| Transcription | DNA to mRNA
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| A mirror image of the DNA made in nucleus | Messenger RNA mRNA
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| Leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome | mRNA
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| Translation | mRNA to protein via tRNA
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| Attaches to mRNA at a site called anti codon | Transfer RNA tRNA
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| tRNA attaches to mRNA at a site called ______ | Anti codon
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| Occurs in cytoplasm | Translation
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| tRNA pick up corresponding _____ and form peptide to make protein | Amino acid
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| DNA- _RNA- _RNA-____ | m, t, protein
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| Cell division (2types) | Meiosis Mitosis
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| One cell divided into 2, identicle cells both having full set of chromosomes | Mitosis
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| How we grow and repair | Mitosis
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| One cell into 4, each having half of the chromosomes | Meiosis
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| How we reproduce | Meiosis
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| Stages of Mitosis (5) | Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase -Cytokinesis
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| Not a phase | Cytokinesis
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| Resting stage | Cytokinesis
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| 2 chromatid coil up | Prophase
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| Nuclear membranes disapear | Prophase
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| Contrioles move to oposite ends, and extend spindle fibers to the chromosomes | Prophase
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| Chromosomes ;one up in the middle | Metaphase
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| Centromeres atach to the spindle fibers and divide | Metaphase
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| 2 complete sets of chromosomes | Metaphase
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| Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to each pole | Anaphase
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| Chromosomes uncoil and become chromatin | Telephase
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| Nuclear membrane reforms | Telephase
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| Cytoplasm divides and cell membrane closes off | Telephase
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| Results in gametes | Meiosis
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| one cell divides twice to form 4 | Meiosis
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| one cell divides twice (full set of 46 chromosomes) | Mitosis
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| Haploids have _____ the DNA | half
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| The organells in which cell respiration takes place | Mitochondria
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| Intracellular structures with specific roles in cell functioning | Organelles
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| egg and sperm cells | gametes
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| MOvement of molecules against concentration gradient | Active transport
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| the usual number of chromosomes with it a cell | diploid/ 46
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| a membrane that permits onle certain substances to pass through | semi permiable
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| control center of the cell | nucleus
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| the process by which a stationary cell takes in small particles | pinocytosis
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| half of the usual number of chromosomes | haploid/ 23
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| diffusion of water through a membrane | osmosis
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| found between the cell membrane and the nucleus | cytoplasm
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| mode of phopholipids, cholesterol, and proteins | cell membrane
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| a statement that best explains the available evidence | theory
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| type of cell division essentioal fro repair of tissue | mitosis
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| the process in which blood bpressure creates tissue fluid | filtration
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| a human cell has 46 of these | chromosomes
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| genetic code fro one protein | gene
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| movement of molecules with or along a concentratin gradient | diffusion
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| oxygen requiring | aerobic
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Created by:
Sarsileigh
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