Nutrition, abbrvs, etc.
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| Absorption | Process whereby a cell tissue or organ takes up a substance in the intestinal tract. Absorption is uptake of food (or other substances from the digestive tract.)
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| BRAT | Bananas, Rice, Apple, Toast
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| CF | Clear Fluid
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| CF-DAT | start with Clear Fluid and progress to Diet As Tolerated.
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| DAT | Diet As Tolerated
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| DD | Diabetic Diet
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| FF | Full Fluids
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| GF | Gluten-Free Diet
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| G-Tube | Gastrostomy Tube
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| HF | High Fibre
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| HP | High Protein
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| LR | Low Residue
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| MN | Minced
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| NAS | No Added Salt
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| NPO | Nothing By Mouth
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| PAR | Parenteral Feeds
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| REG | Full Diet
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| SS | Surgical Soft
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| T&A Diet | Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy Diet
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| Dysphagia | Difficulty Swallowing
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| Calcium | A mineral.Function:formation of bones&teeth,aids in blood clotting,Muscle&nerve function.Soucres:Salmon,Sardines,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Broccoli
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| Calories | Basic unit to measure the amount of energy it takes the body to burn a substance.
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| Carbohydrates | Function:provides 2/3 of daily energy,Provides work energy/body activities,Provide heat energy/Maintains body temp.Sources:Cereal,Grains,Macaroni
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| Enteral Feed | Feeding by tube, directly into the gastrointestinal system. way to deliver nutrients through a tube if you cannot take food or drink through mouth.
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| Cholesterol | Chemical compound that is naturally produced by the body &is a combination of lipid&steriod.Building block for cell membranes&for hormones like estrogen
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| Deficiency | Dietary deficiencies are disorders that occur bcuz of lack of essential nutrients in the diet,or bcuz the body cannot absorb&process those nutrients once they are eaten.Most dietary diseases are caused by lack of protein,vitamins,or minerals.
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| Dietician | Plan food &nutrition programs,supervise meal preparation,&oversee the serving of meals.They prevent&treat illnesses by promoting healthy eating.
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| Digestion | Process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed&assimilated by the body. It is accomplished in the digestive tract by the mechanical&enzymatic breakdown of foods into simpler chemical compounds.
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| Essential Amino Acids | Indispensable for optimum animal growth but cannot be formed in the body and must be supplied in the diet. The Building Blocks Of Protein!
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| Ensure | Brand name for a liquid dietary supplement that provides all your body's nutritional needs in one convenient drink.
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| Malnutrition | Poor nutrition because of an insufficient or poorly balanced diet or faulty digestion or utilization of foods.
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| Anabolism | Formation of complex substances from simpler forms(uses up available metabolic energy)
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| Catabolism | Break down of complex substances into simpler forms(produces available forms of metabolic energy)
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| Metabolism | Physiological and biochemical process that promotes growth and sustain life
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| Nutrients | Supplies body with essential elements
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| Potassium | Element with the chemical symbol K which has a role in nerve function and muscle contraction
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| Protein | Amino Acids are the building blocks of protein.Fundamental structural material of every body cell.build&renew body tissue.Broken into2 fundamental units:Essential(are NOT synthesized by the body)&NonEssential Amino Acids.Soucre:meat,fish,milk
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| Nutrition | Good Nutrition-All necessary nutrients in amounts required.Under Nutrition-Lack of prper nutrient supply.Malnutrition-Due to lack or excess of proper nutrient supply
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| Refined | Free from impurities;purified. REFINEsugars-watersoluble crystalline carbohydrates, including sucrose&lactose,having a characteristically sweet taste&classified as monosaccharides,disaccharides&trisaccharides
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| Sodium | Chemical notation for sodium is Na.When combined with chloride,the result is table salt.Excess sodium is excreted in the urine.Too much or too little sodium can cause cells to malfunction&extremes can be fatal.
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| Glucose | Simple Sugar(Monosaccharide)that serves as the chief source of energy in the body.
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| Vitamins | 2types.WaterSoluble:not stored in the body,very fragile,must be replenished daily,include C,B,B1(Thiamin),B2(riboflavin)B3(niacin),B6(pyridoxine),B12(cobalamin)Biotin,Pantothenic Acid,Folic Acid.-FatSoluble-Stored inbody fat for future use.IncludeA,D,E
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| Minerals | An inorganic element, such as calcium, iron, potassium, sodium, or zinc, that is essential to the nutrition of humans, animals, and plants.
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| Cardiac Diet | Low fat and Cholesterol
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| Metabolic Rate | Amount of energy expended in a givin period,physical changes that occur in the body that result in heat production.
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| Five Basic Rules to nutrition | Enjoy a wide variety of foods,Choose low fat foods from all groups,Limit intake of fats,sugars,Achieve&Maintain healthy weight,Emphasize grains&cereals esp whole grains.
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| Essential nutrients: | over 40 known to be needed for good health. -Carbohydrates -Fats -Minerals -Proteins -Vitamins -Water
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| Carbohydrates provides: | Provides 2/3 of daily energy needs provides work energy& body activities. provides heat energy&maintains body temp.
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| Carbohydrate Sources: | Cereal,Grains,Pasta,Bread
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| Complex Carbohydrates: | provide vitamins & minerals
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| Refined Carbohydrates: | NO nutritional value;empty calories
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| Fat provides: | work energy,body activities, provides heat energy and maintains body temp,Carries vitamin A&D
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| Fat Sources: | lard, oil, nuts
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| Unsaturated Fats: | Lower serum cholesterol
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| Saturated Fats: | Increase serum cholesterol
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| Minerals come from: | the earth and from water, plants & animals, they absorb them to get nutrients. They make up 3-4% of body weight.
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| Minerals include: | Calcium,Zinc,Iron,Magnesium,Iodine,Phosphorus
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| Calcium provides: | formation of bones & teeth, aids in blood clotting, muscle and nerve function
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| Calcium Sources: | Salmon,Sardines,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Broccoli
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| Iodine provides: | aids in thyroid function
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| Iodine Sources: | Iodized Salt,Seafood,Kelp
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| Iron provides: | Part of hemoglobin by helping blood carry oxygen,needed to make energy,supports immune system,controls rate at which foods are oxidized,renews hemoglobin
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| Iron Sources: | Meat,Fish,Poultry,Lentils,Beans,Breads
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| Magnesium provides: | Helps maintain normal muscle & nerve function,sustains regular heartbeat,keeps bones stronge,helps body produce energy
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| Magnesium Sources: | Meats,Seafood,Green Leafy Veggies,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Bran Cereal,Nuts
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| Phosphorus provides: | Maintains healthy bones,helps body produce energy,important in nerve tissue
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| Phosphorus Sources: | Milk,Yogurt,Cheese,Peas,Meats,Fish,Eggs,Some Cereal,Breads
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| Zinc provides: | Helps support immune system,aids in wound healing&tissue repair,helps digestion,supports normal growth&development
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| Zinc Sources: | Red Meats, Liver, Seafood, Milk Products, Eggs, Beans, Nuts, Whole Grains
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| Protein provides: | Amino Acids are the building blocks of protein. Fundamental structural material of every body cell.Builds&renews body tissue.Broken into 2 fundamental units, Essential & Non-Essential amino acids
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| Complete Protein: | Protein containing all essential amino acids
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| Incomplete Protein: | Protein lacking one or more essential amino acids
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| Complimentary Protein: | 2 or more incomplete proteins working together to supply the missing/incomplete amino acid.
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| Water | The forgotten nutrient.2nd only to oxygen in importance to the human body.2/3 of muscle is composed of water.Potassium&sodium are primarily responsible for water balance.
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| Metabolic Disorder | Inability to synthesize food into energy
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| Energy: | Required for: Basal metabolism,Digestion/Absorption of nutrients & Physical activity
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| Fibre: | Recommened daily adult intake is 25grams. Sources include fruit & Veggies.
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| Sugars; Monosaccharides | Easily soluble;Simple sugar;simplest form of Carbohydrates;Consists of 1sugar& a water soluble
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| Sugars; Disccharides | Composed of 2 Monosaccharides;Formed when 2sugars are joined togethe&a molecule of water is removed.Milk sugar(lactose)is made from Glucose&Galactose. Cane sugar(Sucrose) is made from Glucose
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| Sugars; Polysaccharides | A group of Sugars. Insoluble & may serve as a store of energy. Starch&glycogen are stored in the liver.
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| Anacephaly | Folic Acid deficiency
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| Anorexia(loss of apetite&nausea) | Vitamin D megadose
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| Anemia | Iron deficiency & lack of Carbohydrates in the body
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| Beriberi | B1(thiamin) deficiency
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| Glossits | B2(riboflavin) deficiency
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| Jaundice | Megadose of vitamin K
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| Ketosis | Lack of carbohydrates in the body
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| Scurvy | Vitamin C deficiency
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| LDL | Low Density Lipoprotein *Bad Fat *steak Fat
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| HDL | Good cholesterol (high density lipoprotein) Good-->Meat,Poultry,Fish,Dairy Products
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| BSP | Bowel Sounds Present
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| CDA Diet | Canadian Diabtic Association Diet
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| Dc/ d/c | Discontinue
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| Low Sodium | Limits sodium to less than 3000MG daily.
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| NG Tube | Nasogastric Tube
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| EF | Enteral Feeds
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