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NutritionMODwhite
Nutrition, abbrvs, etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorption | Process whereby a cell tissue or organ takes up a substance in the intestinal tract. Absorption is uptake of food (or other substances from the digestive tract.) |
| BRAT | Bananas, Rice, Apple, Toast |
| CF | Clear Fluid |
| CF-DAT | start with Clear Fluid and progress to Diet As Tolerated. |
| DAT | Diet As Tolerated |
| DD | Diabetic Diet |
| FF | Full Fluids |
| GF | Gluten-Free Diet |
| G-Tube | Gastrostomy Tube |
| HF | High Fibre |
| HP | High Protein |
| LR | Low Residue |
| MN | Minced |
| NAS | No Added Salt |
| NPO | Nothing By Mouth |
| PAR | Parenteral Feeds |
| REG | Full Diet |
| SS | Surgical Soft |
| T&A Diet | Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy Diet |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty Swallowing |
| Calcium | A mineral.Function:formation of bones&teeth,aids in blood clotting,Muscle&nerve function.Soucres:Salmon,Sardines,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Broccoli |
| Calories | Basic unit to measure the amount of energy it takes the body to burn a substance. |
| Carbohydrates | Function:provides 2/3 of daily energy,Provides work energy/body activities,Provide heat energy/Maintains body temp.Sources:Cereal,Grains,Macaroni |
| Enteral Feed | Feeding by tube, directly into the gastrointestinal system. way to deliver nutrients through a tube if you cannot take food or drink through mouth. |
| Cholesterol | Chemical compound that is naturally produced by the body &is a combination of lipid&steriod.Building block for cell membranes&for hormones like estrogen |
| Deficiency | Dietary deficiencies are disorders that occur bcuz of lack of essential nutrients in the diet,or bcuz the body cannot absorb&process those nutrients once they are eaten.Most dietary diseases are caused by lack of protein,vitamins,or minerals. |
| Dietician | Plan food &nutrition programs,supervise meal preparation,&oversee the serving of meals.They prevent&treat illnesses by promoting healthy eating. |
| Digestion | Process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed&assimilated by the body. It is accomplished in the digestive tract by the mechanical&enzymatic breakdown of foods into simpler chemical compounds. |
| Essential Amino Acids | Indispensable for optimum animal growth but cannot be formed in the body and must be supplied in the diet. The Building Blocks Of Protein! |
| Ensure | Brand name for a liquid dietary supplement that provides all your body's nutritional needs in one convenient drink. |
| Malnutrition | Poor nutrition because of an insufficient or poorly balanced diet or faulty digestion or utilization of foods. |
| Anabolism | Formation of complex substances from simpler forms(uses up available metabolic energy) |
| Catabolism | Break down of complex substances into simpler forms(produces available forms of metabolic energy) |
| Metabolism | Physiological and biochemical process that promotes growth and sustain life |
| Nutrients | Supplies body with essential elements |
| Potassium | Element with the chemical symbol K which has a role in nerve function and muscle contraction |
| Protein | Amino Acids are the building blocks of protein.Fundamental structural material of every body cell.build&renew body tissue.Broken into2 fundamental units:Essential(are NOT synthesized by the body)&NonEssential Amino Acids.Soucre:meat,fish,milk |
| Nutrition | Good Nutrition-All necessary nutrients in amounts required.Under Nutrition-Lack of prper nutrient supply.Malnutrition-Due to lack or excess of proper nutrient supply |
| Refined | Free from impurities;purified. REFINEsugars-watersoluble crystalline carbohydrates, including sucrose&lactose,having a characteristically sweet taste&classified as monosaccharides,disaccharides&trisaccharides |
| Sodium | Chemical notation for sodium is Na.When combined with chloride,the result is table salt.Excess sodium is excreted in the urine.Too much or too little sodium can cause cells to malfunction&extremes can be fatal. |
| Glucose | Simple Sugar(Monosaccharide)that serves as the chief source of energy in the body. |
| Vitamins | 2types.WaterSoluble:not stored in the body,very fragile,must be replenished daily,include C,B,B1(Thiamin),B2(riboflavin)B3(niacin),B6(pyridoxine),B12(cobalamin)Biotin,Pantothenic Acid,Folic Acid.-FatSoluble-Stored inbody fat for future use.IncludeA,D,E |
| Minerals | An inorganic element, such as calcium, iron, potassium, sodium, or zinc, that is essential to the nutrition of humans, animals, and plants. |
| Cardiac Diet | Low fat and Cholesterol |
| Metabolic Rate | Amount of energy expended in a givin period,physical changes that occur in the body that result in heat production. |
| Five Basic Rules to nutrition | Enjoy a wide variety of foods,Choose low fat foods from all groups,Limit intake of fats,sugars,Achieve&Maintain healthy weight,Emphasize grains&cereals esp whole grains. |
| Essential nutrients: | over 40 known to be needed for good health. -Carbohydrates -Fats -Minerals -Proteins -Vitamins -Water |
| Carbohydrates provides: | Provides 2/3 of daily energy needs provides work energy& body activities. provides heat energy&maintains body temp. |
| Carbohydrate Sources: | Cereal,Grains,Pasta,Bread |
| Complex Carbohydrates: | provide vitamins & minerals |
| Refined Carbohydrates: | NO nutritional value;empty calories |
| Fat provides: | work energy,body activities, provides heat energy and maintains body temp,Carries vitamin A&D |
| Fat Sources: | lard, oil, nuts |
| Unsaturated Fats: | Lower serum cholesterol |
| Saturated Fats: | Increase serum cholesterol |
| Minerals come from: | the earth and from water, plants & animals, they absorb them to get nutrients. They make up 3-4% of body weight. |
| Minerals include: | Calcium,Zinc,Iron,Magnesium,Iodine,Phosphorus |
| Calcium provides: | formation of bones & teeth, aids in blood clotting, muscle and nerve function |
| Calcium Sources: | Salmon,Sardines,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Broccoli |
| Iodine provides: | aids in thyroid function |
| Iodine Sources: | Iodized Salt,Seafood,Kelp |
| Iron provides: | Part of hemoglobin by helping blood carry oxygen,needed to make energy,supports immune system,controls rate at which foods are oxidized,renews hemoglobin |
| Iron Sources: | Meat,Fish,Poultry,Lentils,Beans,Breads |
| Magnesium provides: | Helps maintain normal muscle & nerve function,sustains regular heartbeat,keeps bones stronge,helps body produce energy |
| Magnesium Sources: | Meats,Seafood,Green Leafy Veggies,Milk,Cheese,Yogurt,Bran Cereal,Nuts |
| Phosphorus provides: | Maintains healthy bones,helps body produce energy,important in nerve tissue |
| Phosphorus Sources: | Milk,Yogurt,Cheese,Peas,Meats,Fish,Eggs,Some Cereal,Breads |
| Zinc provides: | Helps support immune system,aids in wound healing&tissue repair,helps digestion,supports normal growth&development |
| Zinc Sources: | Red Meats, Liver, Seafood, Milk Products, Eggs, Beans, Nuts, Whole Grains |
| Protein provides: | Amino Acids are the building blocks of protein. Fundamental structural material of every body cell.Builds&renews body tissue.Broken into 2 fundamental units, Essential & Non-Essential amino acids |
| Complete Protein: | Protein containing all essential amino acids |
| Incomplete Protein: | Protein lacking one or more essential amino acids |
| Complimentary Protein: | 2 or more incomplete proteins working together to supply the missing/incomplete amino acid. |
| Water | The forgotten nutrient.2nd only to oxygen in importance to the human body.2/3 of muscle is composed of water.Potassium&sodium are primarily responsible for water balance. |
| Metabolic Disorder | Inability to synthesize food into energy |
| Energy: | Required for: Basal metabolism,Digestion/Absorption of nutrients & Physical activity |
| Fibre: | Recommened daily adult intake is 25grams. Sources include fruit & Veggies. |
| Sugars; Monosaccharides | Easily soluble;Simple sugar;simplest form of Carbohydrates;Consists of 1sugar& a water soluble |
| Sugars; Disccharides | Composed of 2 Monosaccharides;Formed when 2sugars are joined togethe&a molecule of water is removed.Milk sugar(lactose)is made from Glucose&Galactose. Cane sugar(Sucrose) is made from Glucose |
| Sugars; Polysaccharides | A group of Sugars. Insoluble & may serve as a store of energy. Starch&glycogen are stored in the liver. |
| Anacephaly | Folic Acid deficiency |
| Anorexia(loss of apetite&nausea) | Vitamin D megadose |
| Anemia | Iron deficiency & lack of Carbohydrates in the body |
| Beriberi | B1(thiamin) deficiency |
| Glossits | B2(riboflavin) deficiency |
| Jaundice | Megadose of vitamin K |
| Ketosis | Lack of carbohydrates in the body |
| Scurvy | Vitamin C deficiency |
| LDL | Low Density Lipoprotein *Bad Fat *steak Fat |
| HDL | Good cholesterol (high density lipoprotein) Good-->Meat,Poultry,Fish,Dairy Products |
| BSP | Bowel Sounds Present |
| CDA Diet | Canadian Diabtic Association Diet |
| Dc/ d/c | Discontinue |
| Low Sodium | Limits sodium to less than 3000MG daily. |
| NG Tube | Nasogastric Tube |
| EF | Enteral Feeds |
Created by:
Brittanyyy
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